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Lesson
Properly defining technical parameters ensures successful project implementation. The required equipment for end terminals, estimated to cost $0.5 million, was omitted from the pertinent package; thus the $29.1 million investment was idle. The target annual power generation of 60 gigawatt-hours was an overestimate as it required securing agreements for purchasing 40% of the output of the private sector’s biomass power projects and an optimistic utilization factor of 70% of the run-of-river HPPs.

Project Number: 41504-023
Project Name: Town Electrification Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender trainings are a must in ADB first-time projects. This was the first project funded by ADB in Chuxiong prefecture. As such, trainings on Gender equality and the project's Gender action (GAP) plan were needed to promote Gender awareness, develop understanding, and build capacities for GAP implementation. The trainings and overall design of GAP proved relevant and contributed to achieving overall project objectives.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Engaging capable design institutes, backed by sufficient budget and time allocations, will result in better quality technical designs that in turn will facilitate construction progress, reduce the need for contract variations, and optimize construction costs. There were significant variations in some of this project's civil works contracts. These variations resulted mainly from poor quality of technical designs, with errors and omissions in the construction drawings.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Reducing or avoiding implementation delays would require, among others: (i) ensuring that project and/or subproject implementation is a high priority for local governments and counterpart funds are provided in government annual budgets, and (ii) starting resettlement activities as early as possible and providing adequate funds for these activities.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
As larger contracts experienced more delays compared to shorter contracts, in future projects, shorter-length contracts may be considered. The termination of contractors was observed to be due to their non-proactive approach while working in discontinuous encumbrance-free stretches of road, poor planning, and inadequate financial capability. Instead of terminating contracts, it would be more desirable to make encumbrance-free land available upfront, release retention money, and create escrow accounts—which were approaches that were successfully implemented.

Project Number: 41629-013, 44425-013
Project Name: Bihar State Highways II Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Shortage of qualified national consultants could delay implementation and increase project costs . The intention at design was to work with the support of national consultants. However, the lack of national consultants with technical qualifications and TVET experience as required by the project hampered timely recruitment and mobilization of these technical experts. Consequently, some national positions had to be converted to international positions or contracts of qualified national consultants extended to enable them to complete the tasks.

Project Number: 45139-001
Project Name: Mid-Level Skills Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
High staff turnover, weak procurement and contract management capacities, and lack of familiarity with ADB procedures, often the cause of implementation delays, need to be addressed jointly by ADB and government counterpart agencies. Because of the changes in the executing agency’s senior-level officials, turnover of the project staff was high. The project also suffered from counterpart agencies' weak procurement and contract management capacity and lack of familiarity with ADB guidelines.

Project Number: 43007-023
Project Name: Higher Education Reform Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to include individual startup consultants in the project design to assist and help avoid delays during the early implementation stages. The project experienced some startup delays, particularly in procurement and capacity building. The experience demonstrates the importance of including individual startup consultants in the project design to assist the executing and implementing agencies and avoid delays during early-stage implementation.

Project Number: 45511-006
Project Name: Hunan Technical and Vocational Education and Training Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Trainings and in-person support are needed to strengthen financial management performance and full compliance, especially in cases where the government agencies are handling ADB projects for the first-time. As the first ADB project the Secretariat of State for Vocational Training and Employment (SEFOPE) oversaw, more thorough trainings and in-person support could have strengthened financial management performance and full compliance with the grant covenants.

Project Number: 45139-001
Project Name: Mid-Level Skills Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Repeated and progressive training and continuous practice are effective in promoting mastery and proficient use of the environmental and social management system (ESMS). The ESMS was a new concept for the executing and implementing agencies, and its implementation depended on the gradual accumulation of knowledge and experience from learning and practice. The financial intermediaries’ successful incorporation of the ESMS into their business was largely attributable to robust training and practice.

Project Number: 47046-002
Project Name: Gansu Featured Agriculture and Financial Services System Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporating utility shifting as part of the item-rate contract has proven effective for timely project completion in some Indian states. Utility shifting is usually contracted out to a third-party entity specialized in utility shifting. Contractors often abuse this arrangement, however, taking it as an excuse to delay civil works. To prevent this, the utility shifting should be included as an item in the bill of quantity to be carried out directly by the contractor.

Project Number: 41629-013, 44425-013
Project Name: Bihar State Highways II Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Setting well-considered and realistic targets for indicators can highlight project performance and minimize revisions during implementation. Revision of DMF targets created the notion that the executing agency was merely avoiding a poor or low achievement rating and it should be clearly explained

Project Number: 46094-001
Project Name: Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Project (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects that introduce new technologies require realistic timelines for design. Familiarization and adoption of new technologies, completion of trial runs, and commercial production take time, and this needs to be accounted in project design

Project Number: 45273-001
Project Name: Financing Brick Kiln Efficiency Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For a project that involve associated infrastructure that are not part of the project scope (although serves as a prerequisite to the project outputs such as a planned power plant to which the transmission lines under the project will be directly connected), it is critical to conduct more thorough and in-depth due diligence work to evaluate the feasibility and the uncertainties associated with the realization of such nfrastructure. Where possible, loan disbursements and procurement activities should be

Project Number: 37139-053
Project Name: Uttarakhand Power Sector Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Midterm review is a key opportunity for course correction and review of the project design. This opportunity was not fully exploited and design flaws in the DMF remained until the project completion. T

Project Number: 38254-043
Project Name: MFF - North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date: