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CSV
Lesson
Lack of ownership of design by the executing agency can lead to implementation delays. The project was the first ADB supported project where the design and construction supervision contracts were split. Reviewing and deciding on design changes was delayed because of a lack of ownership over design by the construction supervision consultant's and the Department of Roads lack of timely decisions.

Project Number: 38350-013
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Road Connectivity Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Difference in the number of affected assets identified at appraisal and the actual count during implementation can lead to delays in safeguards implementation, which can be worsened by the executing agency's lack of capacity and reliance on short-term, limited consulting inputs. There was a 24% increase in the number of affected structures and households during implementation compared to the estimate at appraisal.

Project Number: 38350-013
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Road Connectivity Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB and the executing agency should agree on all terms related to the payment of vulnerable allowances to affected people during project appraisal. Vulnerable allowances under this project could not be paid on time due to the absence of recognition of ADB's resettlement plan provisions in country practice.

Project Number: 38350-013
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Road Connectivity Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) mainstreaming in Nepal's Ministry of Public Infrastructure and Transport (MPIT) is challenging. The MPIT developed and approved the guidelines for GESI. However, operationalizing the guidelines in all ministry operations has been challenging, mainly because of the need to orient staff at different levels. The government's budget allocation for mainstreaming GESI ensures strong ownership, but the budget is not adequate for institutionalizing GESI in the transport sector.

Project Number: 38350-013
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Road Connectivity Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inclusion of a financial management specialist in the project team could help identify and resolve audit issues on time.

Project Number: 44214-024
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain Eco-Regions
Report Date:
Lesson
While the project contributed to gender equality and social inclusion in the project area, longer-term engagement with communities and development practitioners is needed to deepen inclusion in a region that has a high prevalence of gender and caste-based discrimination.

Project Number: 44214-024
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain Eco-Regions
Report Date:
Lesson
The project’s innovative and sustainable model ─ of shared cost and responsibility ─ is highly replicable and may be scaled up in similar contexts. The project was built on the approach and principle of shared cost and shared ownership between the users and the government. This innovative model of implementation and service delivery has brought about remarkable achievements in improving the people’s living standards in the project towns. People now have access to 24/7 safe water, O&M is smooth, women’s time poverty has decreased, and girls’ school attendance has increased.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project facilities need to be turned over to local governments to ensure long-term operational and institutional sustainability. Municipalities did not exist in many towns at project appraisal. Hence, water user associations (WUAs) led the project. Since the service areas of individual WUAs are now a part of their respective municipality, municipalities are expected to support the operation and maintenance (O&M) of the water supply and sanitation facilities to ensure long-term operational and institutional sustainability

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects require an in-depth assessment of ownership and use of land. Procurement for the Butwal auto village subprojects (AVS) was severely delayed by land ownership issues. The automobile enterprises were located on land leased from the municipality intended only for establishment of automobile enterprises, but the entrepreneurs used the land for business and residential purposes. These entrepreneurs were skeptical that their existing land uses could continue if they entered into a public-private partnership agreement, and thus protested the AVS.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
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Lesson
Rebuilding model schools provides opportunities to demonstrate their usefulness to the larger school program and to communities particularly in building disaster-resilient schools, and to develop knowledge and skills in disaster risk management. It also provides a space for greater social inclusion and increased ownership as local authorities and communities are mobilized for rebuilding and reconstruction.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation offers the following lesson: although TA design may identify a particular model of consultancy, these needs may evolve during the program requiring adjustment. In this case, in developing a model that responded to the needs of ACMF’s working group on corporate governance, the TA project shifted its approach since the regulators felt that an audit firm (rather than consultants) would lend more credibility and recognition to the validation exercise.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
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Lesson
The TCR lesson is well developed and the TORs are also well written.

Project Number: 48218-007
Project Name: Support for Value Chain Development under the Nepal Agriculture Development Strategy
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Lesson
The main lesson is that better planning of consultancy needs can help in more timely recruitment of international and national consultants. In this case, delays in start-up of TASF activities, and non-extension of the Future Cities Program to which TA project was linked, impacted project disbursement. Consultancy overcommitments subsequently required reallocation of cost categories under the TA project.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
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Lesson
Close collaboration with key stakeholders can help in identifying international expertise, the knowledge, and contacts to support innovative TA, and to engage with senior officials from a mix of countries

Project Number: 50055-001
Project Name: Creating a Regional Settlement Intermediary in ASEAN+3: Cross-Border Settlement Infrastructure Forum
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR could have commented on what lessons can be derived from the TA coordination unit model, which is a unit located in Manila that engages with national consultants based in countries.

Project Number: 46470-001
Project Name: Action on Climate Change in South Asia
Report Date:
CSV