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CSV
Lesson
Dissemination of achievements made under the program is essential for knowledge-sharing and to strengthen ADB’s image as an effective development partner, The program supported the implementation of key reforms that were relevant and highly desired by the government to accelerate the country's economic growth. It is important to communicate the achievements made, with the general public and development partners, to improve knowledge and raise awareness. Communication and public awareness are also essential to enhance ADB’s status and credibility as an effective development partner.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong alignment with government strategies and priorities leads to strong government ownership and participation in program implementation. The reforms adopted under this program were essential to improve fiscal credibility and strengthen the capital market in Armenia. They were fully aligned with the strategies of the government and ADB. Because of this strong strategic alignment, government ownership of the program remained strong and all implementing agencies actively coordinated with ADB to achieve the reform agenda.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a programmatic approach in policy-based loans (PBLs) can put at risk the sustainability of reforms. This program was designed as a stand-alone, single-tranche, PBL and effectively achieved its objective because of strong ownership by and well-coordinated efforts of the authorities and ADB staff. However, the lack of a programmatic approach posed a high risk to the sustainability of the reforms made.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical assistance (TA) is required to develop the capacity of institutions to meaningfully engage with ADB on a longer-term basis. ADB’s continuous engagement with the country, during and after a PBL, is essential. It allows ADB to keep a foothold in the country, learn about the reforms being assisted by other development partners, remain updated about emerging needs and issues, support sustainability, and help in processing new programs.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
At the sector level, a conducive policy, legal, and institutional environment for PPP facilitates could enhance PSP in infrastructure services. PSP is facilitated when there are (i) a suitable policy and strategy for PPP, (ii) an established and professionally managed PPP Office that facilitates PPP processes, and

Project Number: 42180-013
Project Name: Second Public–Private Infrastructure Development Facility
Report Date:
Lesson
Well-developed, in-house expertise in appraising infrastructure subprojects, business development, risk management, and monitoring supported by good governance contributes significantly to effective implementation of an infrastructure financing facility. Over the years, IDCOL demonstrated this type of institutional capacity especially in power subprojects.

Project Number: 42180-013
Project Name: Second Public–Private Infrastructure Development Facility
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate risk assessment and provisions for mitigation measures on safeguards at design stage are critical requirements for project readiness. Oftentimes, these prerequisites (e.g., analysis on the need for land acquisition), if not sufficiently done, could contribute to implementation delays. Such analysis could include appropriate assessment of project target areas, including land availability, as well as meeting the pertinent social safeguards prior to site access and/or civil works.

Project Number: 40534-013
Project Name: Second Crop Diversification Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing a project performance monitoring system (PPMS) allows better tracking of project results and implementation progress and risks. It will also allow a project to undertake necessary adjustments to address implementation issues and data gaps and would be useful during ex-post project evaluation, in terms of a more systematic aggregation and assessment of data and information collected via the system.

Project Number: 40534-013
Project Name: Second Crop Diversification Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The ownership and rationale of policy reforms need to be carefully assessed at appraisal. Strong ownership and consistent government support are critical to the success of program loans. As such, the ownership and rationale of policy reforms should be carefully assessed at appraisal. In assessing ownership, it is important to remember that policy actions affect many stakeholders, both within and outside the government.

Project Number: 45253-002
Project Name: Third Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The design and monitoring framework (DMF) should be reviewed and updated as necessary during implementation to ensure continued alignment with other aspects of the program. The outcome and output indicators in the program DMF had been developed at appraisal for achievement over a relatively short period of 24 months. However, when program implementation was extended by 23 months to November 2019, an opportunity was missed to update the targeted dates for the indicators, which were measured about 1 year after the extended program completion date.

Project Number: 45253-002
Project Name: Third Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Continued engagement by ADB with the government is imperative. To maintain reform momentum, ADB’s continued engagement with the government is a must even after the program is completed. One mechanism could be through a post-program partnership framework. While facilitating monitoring of the borrower’s compliance with loan covenants, this will also enable ADB to identify follow-on actions where it can have value addition.

Project Number: 45253-002
Project Name: Third Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Consensus-building requires sufficient time for meaningful and in-depth consultations with various stakeholders. This program’s experience has demonstrated that building consensus between the government and the private sector, as well as among government departments, could take much longer than envisaged. The program design to strengthen the staffing of three major regulatory institutions within 2 years was optimistic, and a more realistic timeframe should have been considered. Future programs that will necessitate consensus-building should provide ample time for this type of activity.

Project Number: 45253-002
Project Name: Third Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Sound project design requires adequate technical input and open communication with key participants and/or stakeholders. Greater technical input was necessary to appraise the government’s proposed components during project preparation. Specifically, the design flaws in output 2, credit lines for biogas value chains and other climate-smart agriculture waste management investments, would have been avoided if the processing team had access to livestock, environmental, and institutional specialists with appropriate country knowledge to support the financial management specialist.

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Research activities must be undertaken early in project implementation. Where research is needed to guide the introduction of new technologies, such research is better undertaken in advance of a project so that results can be incorporated in the project design. In this project, the 5-year project time frame was too short in undertaking research, evaluating results, and effecting replication. This time frame was further exacerbated by denying the participation of government-owned research institutes in the research program.

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Procurement should be exhaustive. Developing a procurement strategy with proper analysis of market availability, operating environment, including capacity assessments of executing and implementing agencies, and risk management will help the project achieve its intended results in a timely manner. Where a project requires participation of government-owned universities or research centers, attention should be paid at project appraisal to para. 1.13 (c) of ADB’s Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2013, as amended from time to time).

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
Report Date:
CSV