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Lesson
The government needs to do more to provide leaderahip and guidance to infrastructure projects in Kiribati. The Project Steering Commitee, renamed in 2016 as the National Infrastructure Development Steering Committee, was set up to guide several other infrastructure projects aside from this one. Therefore, it can provide only limited support to the ADB project. Achieving the intended impacts of a major project such as ADB's requires regular and proactive direction from senior government representatives through all phases of the project.

Project Number: 43072-013
Project Name: South Tarawa Sanitation Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To maximize impacts, community engagement components along with sufficient budget and post-project continuity plans need to be embedded in the design of projects that entail behavioral change. This project's community engagement component was designed and implemented as a broad-based outreach program to encourage behavioral change in personal waste disposal and hygiene, especially handwashing with soap, across all communities in South Tarawa.

Project Number: 43072-013
Project Name: South Tarawa Sanitation Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Collection of both quantitative and qualitative data on gender impacts need to be incorporated in the design of future community engagement initiatives. Such data should provide indications on how and to what degree the initiative reduces women's time poverty, improves their well-being, and boosts their ability to engage in productive activities.

Project Number: 43072-013
Project Name: South Tarawa Sanitation Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The imposition of sewerage tariffs needs to be carefully thought out and based on a thorough study, as these could discourage low-income households from connecting to new sanitation services. Sewerage tariffs were proposed based on the “user pays” principle as one of two means to increase resources for the operation and maintenance of project facilities. However, sanitation services are overall viewed as a public good not suited to the "user pays" principle. Moreover, given the dire pre- project sanitation situation in South Tarawa, the principle may not work.

Project Number: 43072-013
Project Name: South Tarawa Sanitation Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporating capacity development (whenever and wherever needed) as an integral part of project design results in a more holistic development approach. At the beginning of the project, the MEW was institutionally weak, and the Hari Rud RBA did not exist. The project spent $7.5 million in loan and grants funds for capacity development.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When designing a project even in a difficult and tenuous political situation, it may be best to be strongly proactive rather than tentative and conservative. In an area that is just recovering from a long civil war, with a practically nonfunctioning implementing agency and a weak government capacity, the ADB preparation team designed a project with a whole gamut of proactive measures to bring about improved water resources management using basin-wide IWRM principles.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Providing a degree of flexibility in the scope and output targets during the preparation of emergency assistance projects could help in the attainment of project results. Often, greater emphasis is made to facilitate project formulation and get activities going on the ground as expeditiously as possible, usually within three months from the occurrence of a disaster. Under such circumstances, however, it is difficult to be precise as to what actually needs to be done.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Appropriate scoping of DNA is a critical element in planning a rehabilitation project. This could be enhanced through collaborative engagement of all key stakeholders during the conduct of reconnaissance and rapid assessment. For example, appropriate technical guidance in the preparation and conduct of DNA, taking into account the managerial and operational skills and institutional capacities of the concerned agencies, could promote a more streamlined implementation of project activities.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Utilizing executing and implementing agencies with prior experience of ADB-assisted projects, helps strengthen the support for an emergency assistance project. Their experience with the established procedures could facilitate preparatory activities for an emergency assistance. For instance, competent technical staff from these agencies could be readily mobilized and rapidly deployed during the conduct of disaster project reconnaissance and preparation missions.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Agreed. A large turn-out from all the Pacific DMCs at the workshop, including finance ministries, maritime and aviation authorities fostered interest in the project and facilitated knowledge sharing and contributed to project outcomes. A high turnout at workshops with multi-sector representatives from many DMCs helps to foster knowledge sharing and develop awareness, adoption and uptake of TA project initiatives building institutional capacity and driving and guiding national or sector guidelines.

Project Number: 46502-001
Project Name: Trade and Transport Facilitation in the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA project was cofinanced by the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction and ADB through theThe TCR did not comment on the mechanism used to update cofinancing partners on progress toward key milestones and developments of the TA project. It is important to keep stakeholders engaged and informed during the project implementation. This is especially true when a project has a long implementation timeframe.

Project Number: 46502-001
Project Name: Trade and Transport Facilitation in the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
Properly designed TA DMFs enables the outcomes and outputs to be clearly attributed to the TA project initiatives. Generalized achievements, or achievements that could have resulted from initiatives or projects being implemented by other organizations concurrently, should be avoided. It is important to define baselines for indicators and factor in expected growth/development when defining indicator targets.

Project Number: 46502-001
Project Name: Trade and Transport Facilitation in the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
It is agreed that cofinancing partners ought to be updated regularly on key milestones and developments of the TA project, but this does not constitute a lesson.

Project Number: 46502-001
Project Name: Trade and Transport Facilitation in the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
A robust research and consultation conducted during the project planning and design stage ensure that the outcomes, outputs, and TA project activities being proposed are not already being conducted by other donors or even by ADB. Evaluation of initiatives developed for roll-out in other regions where they have proven success supports them being adopted into the new region considering its own characteristics.

Project Number: 46502-001
Project Name: Trade and Transport Facilitation in the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
Agreed. Strong field office support helps to facilitate smooth and efficient project implementation and delivery.

Project Number: 46502-001
Project Name: Trade and Transport Facilitation in the Pacific
Report Date: