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Lesson
Although this was the first agriculture investment project with MAWR the 3-year extension could have been avoided had the bidding documents been prepared, the management consultants and PMU staff contracted, and target farms identified earlier.

Project Number: 30313-012
Project Name: Agriculture Area Development
Report Date:
Lesson
Comprehensive and integrated projects can be successful. The success of this project can be attributed to the initial emphasis on the project management unit (PMU) obtaining a clear understanding of the project, an initial focus on process and procedures, minimum turnover of key PMU staff, good oversight by Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources (MAWR), good partnerships with other donors, and successful contracting and supervision of local civil works and agriculture extension firms.

Project Number: 30313-012
Project Name: Agriculture Area Development
Report Date:
Lesson
The project performance report (PPR) ratings were inconsistently applied over the period of project implementation. The ratings are 'satisfactory' and 'highly satisfactory' until November 2008, and are then rated 'at risk' and 'potential problem' for the month December 2008. The ratings then revert to 'satisfactory', before the project is again rated 'at risk' and 'potential problem' in December 2009.

Project Number: 31196-013
Project Name: Southern Agriculture Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project design included 2,559 person-months of national consultants, approximately 35 people for each year of the 6 year implementation period. Despite the national consultant inputs appearing to be recruited through a firm/s on a quality- and cost-based selection basis, such a large requirement of consulting input could have potentially been difficult to effectively manage.

Project Number: 31196-013
Project Name: Southern Agriculture Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Clearer understanding between ADB and government of the key development objectives at the time of project design avoids costly changes in scope during project implementation.

Project Number: 31196-013
Project Name: Southern Agriculture Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Taking into account issues related to sustainability, it is apparent that the project outcomes can be sustained if the government allocates adequate funds and resources for operation and maintenance based on a rigorous and transparent planning regime.

Project Number: 37680-013
Project Name: Emergency Rehabilitation Project [Loan 2045-KGZ]
Report Date:
Lesson
Emergency projects such as this one tend to be difficult to administer and implement and difficult for ADB to properly guide and oversee. This is because speed is of the essence to restore normal activity, and subprojects tend to be spread over large geographical areas. As such, ADB has to depend not only on review mission diligence but also on consultants and the government agencies involved. ADB’s procedures, while fully adequate for non-emergency projects, tend to slow the implementation of emergency projects such as this one, so due diligence is sometimes truncated.

Project Number: 37680-013
Project Name: Emergency Rehabilitation Project [Loan 2045-KGZ]
Report Date:
Lesson
The process of translating drafts of the Law on the Securities Market from English into Russian and back into English affected its readability in English. Achieving a reasonable and consistent standard of translation into both Russian and English remained a problem. Once the final version of the draft law has been adopted, it would be desirable if an official English translation could be produced for the benefit of ADB, foreign investors, and other interested parties.

Project Number: 34172-013
Project Name: Banking Sector and Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The ownership and rationale of policy reforms should be carefully assessed at appraisal. In assessing ownership, it is important to remember that policy actions affect many stakeholders, even within the government. In this case, the legislative branch was not enthusiastic about adopting complex new laws pertaining to the regulation of capital markets that would then be interpreted by agencies outside their direct control.

Project Number: 34172-013
Project Name: Banking Sector and Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation of the program demonstrated that consistent government support is critical to success. The effective implementation of the banking sector component is attributable to the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic's (NBKR) strong commitment and ownership of the proposed reforms. In contrast, the capital market component lacked a clear champion as a result of political developments. Therefore, despite intensive policy dialogue, and awareness and capacity-building efforts, the pace of reforms did not proceed as well as anticipated.

Project Number: 34172-013
Project Name: Banking Sector and Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The institutional and policy reforms envisaged in the projects were complex and far-reaching and needed a longer time to come to fruition. There was no sharp focus on road asset management, which was a theme common to the three projects. Each of the projects left an unfinished agenda, which suggests that TA was spread too thinly over too many reform issues. The designs of succeeding projects did not indicate or act on the fact that some reform measures in the precursor projects were pending, at risk, and in need of ADB’s continued attention.

Project Number: 29151-013, 30311-013
Project Name: Road Rehabilitation Project, Second Road Rehabilitation Project, and Third Road Rehabilitation Project [Loans
Report Date:
Lesson
Project management must pay more attention to the scheduling of project implementation. Substantial delays experienced by all three projects should have been avoided or shortened. In contemporary infrastructure management, time overrun, like cost overrun, is a key performance indicator and affects the project’s efficiency. On-time completion is particularly important for a road rehabilitation project. The service level of a road under the rehabilitation is downgraded because the capacity of the road should be constrained during civil works.

Project Number: 29151-013, 30311-016
Project Name: Road Rehabilitation Project, Second Road Rehabilitation Project, and Third Road Rehabilitation Project [Loans
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB’s guidelines for economic analysis of projects require that a national affordability assessment be carried out for large projects. A project is considered large if it may have a substantial impact on the country’s foreign exchange revenues, expenditure, or budget resources. During the implementation of the second project, the IMF introduced a PIP ceiling in 2001 because it was concerned about the government’s fiscal sustainability. It set a rigid ceiling and thereby contributed to a significant delay in project implementation.

Project Number: 29151-013, 30311-015
Project Name: Road Rehabilitation Project, Second Road Rehabilitation Project, and Third Road Rehabilitation Project [Loans
Report Date:
Lesson
The creation of a road fund has been a key component of all three projects. It was to ensure the availability of adequate financing for operation and maintenance of project roads. To date, however, the road fund has not operated as envisaged. Because of the IMF restriction that the government should have only one consolidated central budget account, the government requested, and in 2001 was granted, an ADB waiver on the loan covenant that a special account for a road fund be created.

Project Number: 29151-013, 30311-014
Project Name: Road Rehabilitation Project, Second Road Rehabilitation Project, and Third Road Rehabilitation Project [Loans
Report Date:
Lesson
Procurement problems can be reduced by introducing prior review of procurement documents. In a sector project with many small subprojects, contracts should be grouped into larger packages to reduce the number of civil works contacts. This will help the PMUs as well as ADB to concentrate more effectively on fewer contracts. Use of clear and stringent evaluation and qualification criteria in selection of contractors should be mandatory, and establishing consortia of contractors should be encouraged.

Project Number: 31197-013
Project Name: Community-Based Infrastructure Services Sector Project
Report Date: