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Lesson
Short-term training courses have many advantages that make them more preferable than longer bachelor- and masters-level courses. The project colleges' management, teachers, and trainers expressed their preference for short-term training courses over the longer bachelor- and masters-level courses the project provided. This reflects their desire to receive specific subject training that can be achieved in more focused and shorter courses.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate documentation, including irretrievability and non-updating of project documents, reduces the level of scrutiny possible during project completion review and subsequent evaluations. Discrepancies in project assessments and progress reports, which tend to obscure actual results, make it difficult to establish project performance across the results chain. Non-availability in English of important documents, such as tracer studies, impedes the depth and comprehensiveness of project completion reviews and other evaluations.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Participatory approaches and stakeholder consultationsresult in widely accepted programs with a high potential for success. The design of the stipend program in this initiative followed extensive consultations and technical workshops with technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions, as well as development partners active in TVET. As a result of this participatory and collaborative approach, the stipend rate and disbursement mechanisms were widely accepted.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The economic downturn triggered by COVID-19 pandemic presented an unmet opportunity for the project . Additional stipend funds could have enabled the enrollment of unemployed youth in TVET institutions. This would have transformed a period of low economic activity into a skills development opportunity. A recommended strategy is for the borrowing government to earmark funds in an escrow account, ensuring continued disbursement to beneficiaries after project closure by ADB.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Stakeholder involvement in project design and advance preparation of the consultant terms of reference and procurement packages strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency potential of projects. Close involvement by the executing agency and project colleges allowed for an in-depth discussion of outcome and output indicators, as well as of the cost estimates reflecting the local context and implementation capacity of the executing agency and project colleges.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Capacity building in TVET needs to go hand-in-hand with industry progress as employment of TVET students is directly influenced by industry trends and capacity. Complementary elements, such as the purchase of equipment and training of instructors on the equipment, should be arranged more successively to allow the implementation of subsequent phases to proceed more seamlessly. Greater focus is needed in engaging the private sector to better understand the trends in hiring and updating of curricula and learning materials.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Attainment of the environmental and social objectives of power sector projects requires close monitoring and supervision.

Project Number: 37734-013
Project Name: GMS Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-defined results framework with relevant indicators is particularly important to monitor the environmental and social impacts of large hydroelectric/HPP projects

Project Number: 37734-013
Project Name: GMS Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Occupational health and safety risks can be minimized even in complex construction situations.

Project Number: 37734-013
Project Name: GMS Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Addressing the biodiversity impacts of hydroelectric/hydropower projects requires technical expertise and the services of specialized institutions

Project Number: 37734-013
Project Name: GMS Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Multilevel and multipronged monitoring and reporting support adaptive management but require clear and consistent reporting frameworks.

Project Number: 37734-013
Project Name: GMS Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Trade policy should include measures that increase the benefits to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from trade, including measures to make it administratively easy to obtain certificates of rules of origin, an outreach strategy to help SMEs on trade policy developments and utilization of preferential trade agreements, and implementation of intellectual property rights that could benefit SMEs, such as geographical indications (regional trademarks).

Project Number: 35304-032, 35304-045
Project Name: Private Sector and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (Subprograms I and II)
Report Date:
Lesson
Policy-based programs should be designed to reflect the capacity of the executing and implementing agencies, and policy reforms should be commensurate with the program loan or grant amount.

Project Number: 35304-032, 35304-044
Project Name: Private Sector and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (Subprograms I and II)
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional development and engagement of stakeholders in the program are necessary for quality policy development.

Project Number: 35304-032, 35304-043
Project Name: Private Sector and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (Subprograms I and II)
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuous policy dialogue and policy development are important for sustaining reforms. Under the Private Sector and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (PSME) this was achieved through regular reviews, production of policy discussion notes, and joint work with counterparts. The post-program partnership framework (P3F) has been instrumental in maintaining the dialogue between ADB and government counterparts.

Project Number: 35304-032, 35304-042
Project Name: Private Sector and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (Subprograms I and II)
Report Date: