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Lesson
Project readiness challenges could result in sequential delays of the different tranches in an MFF, leaving insufficient time for implementation within the MFF term and making MFF less relevant. Prior to the approval of each tranche, the initial design for each project was prepared to varying degrees.

Project Number: 44483-024, 44483-023, 44483-026, 44483-027
Project Name: Second Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 2 Road Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Maintaining key specialists even after major institutional changes helps keep institutional memory within the executing agency and is important for successful project implementation. During project implementation, the government’s economic reform caused institutional changes in the road sector. Despite the change, key members of project management unit remained unchanged, which helped minimize delay.

Project Number: 44483-023, 44483-026
Project Name: Second Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 2 Road Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Bid evaluation criteria and contractor qualifications should be carefully set, referencing historical financial performance and contracts of similar nature and size to ensure the selection of high quality and experienced contractors. The initial contractor selected for tranche 1 could not complete the work and left the project; therefore,

Project Number: 44483-023, 44483-026
Project Name: Second Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 2 Road Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
High quality detailed designs, ensured through the engagement of competent consultants, will facilitate advance procurement thus allowing projects to start up without delay as intended by the advance procurement actions. With advance procurement action, the executing agency succeeded in shortening the time for procurement after loan effectiveness. Despite the positive effect, the detailed design was not prepared correctly, resulting in the technically qualified bidder’s financial proposal being higher than the cost estimates.

Project Number: 44483-023, 44483-026
Project Name: Second Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 2 Road Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Engagement of dedicated safeguard specialists could help strengthen safeguard implementation capacity. A project management and construction supervision consultant served as focal point for safeguards. No major issues in safeguards were identified.

Project Number: 44483-023, 44483-026
Project Name: Second Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 2 Road Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Continued engagement with the government on macroeconomic and structural reforms will maximize program benefits. This program was an integral part of ADB’s overall country support activities and backed the government’s strong commitment to state-owned enterprise reform and structural macroeconomic reform. Particularly through technical assistance to strengthen economic management, it supported macroeconomic stability, sustained growth, and project preparation.

Project Number: 54160-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The ambitiousness of goals should be balanced with the availability of data and capacity to quickly augment more granular data collection. Data disaggregated by sex and age of end-recipients are often not available at the time of project preparation and this was the case with this program. Even after effectiveness and during implementation, only limited new data were prepared by the government. Systems were lacking to collect such data.

Project Number: 54160-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical assistance (TA) is required to develop the capacity of institutions to meaningfully engage with ADB on a longer-term basis. ADB’s continuous engagement with the country, during and after a PBL, is essential. It allows ADB to keep a foothold in the country, learn about the reforms being assisted by other development partners, remain updated about emerging needs and issues, support sustainability, and help in processing new programs.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Dissemination of achievements made under the program is essential for knowledge-sharing and to strengthen ADB’s image as an effective development partner, The program supported the implementation of key reforms that were relevant and highly desired by the government to accelerate the country's economic growth. It is important to communicate the achievements made, with the general public and development partners, to improve knowledge and raise awareness. Communication and public awareness are also essential to enhance ADB’s status and credibility as an effective development partner.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong alignment with government strategies and priorities leads to strong government ownership and participation in program implementation. The reforms adopted under this program were essential to improve fiscal credibility and strengthen the capital market in Armenia. They were fully aligned with the strategies of the government and ADB. Because of this strong strategic alignment, government ownership of the program remained strong and all implementing agencies actively coordinated with ADB to achieve the reform agenda.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a programmatic approach in policy-based loans (PBLs) can put at risk the sustainability of reforms. This program was designed as a stand-alone, single-tranche, PBL and effectively achieved its objective because of strong ownership by and well-coordinated efforts of the authorities and ADB staff. However, the lack of a programmatic approach posed a high risk to the sustainability of the reforms made.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
When ADB chooses to finance activities in a member country jointly with development partners, it needs to closely monitor their assessment, utilize their database, and build on their knowledge products as appropriate such that development cooperation reports on the mutual synergies and becomes genuinely “finance++”.

Project Number: 51129-002
Project Name: Human Development Enhancement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In designing a substantive and relevant PPPF to extend policy reform support, there is a need to ensure that the scope of the activities included therein reflect the full spectrum of the outcomes identified in the report and recommendation of the President of the program.

Project Number: 51129-002
Project Name: Human Development Enhancement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Protracted bidding can compromise the implementation of projects. One of the major issues encountered by this project was the protracted bidding process undertaken by the executing agency (EA). The bidding process for the civil works and construction supervision contracts took more than 1 year to complete because of the EA’s unfamiliarity with the updated ADB guidelines. It added to an initial delay of more than 1 year because of changes in the road design, which required updating the design, feasibility study, and tender documents.

Project Number: 50063-001
Project Name: Kashkadarya Regional Road Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Careful consideration of typically applied engineering solutions and examination of project readiness with the use of an agreed upon checklist will help mitigate implementation risks and synchronize startup and financial activities. Engineering solutions that are typically considered could have been looked into during project appraisal, as any changes introduced after loan approval will impact the project cost and implementation period.

Project Number: 50063-001
Project Name: Kashkadarya Regional Road Project
Report Date: