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CSV
Lesson
Thorough analysis of beneficiary preference, demand, and willingness to pay has to be conducted to ensure that preconceived notions of demand are verified, validated, and confirmed on the ground from the beneficiaries themselves. Very often project proponents from central government agencies have a different concept of needs and priorities from those at the field or local level. Local involvement in project conceptualization ensures greater project success, as there would be better ownership of project components and more accurate identification of needs of intended beneficiaries.

Project Number: 31243-013
Project Name: Integrated Development of Basic Urban Services in Provincial Towns Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government needs to institutionalize a safeguard system within the organizational framework of the project, particularly during implementation, for effective monitoring and supervision of and timely compliance with safeguard covenants.

Project Number: 37027-013
Project Name: Subregional Transport Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There were some difficulties in contract administration between Department of Customs (DOC) and United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Although the contract for automatic system of customs data (ASYCUDA) was signed between Department of Roads (DOR) and UNCTAD, DOC was the main agency to supervise UNCTAD's work. DOC felt that it was less effective in the UNCTAD contract implementation because it was not a party to the contract. Contract provisions should have clearly stated the role, responsibilities, and implementation arrangements of DOC.

Project Number: 37027-013
Project Name: Subregional Transport Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government needs to review and include interim milestone dates in the contract documents to ensure timely work completion and avoid extensions.

Project Number: 37027-013
Project Name: Subregional Transport Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of international joint venture partners in the implementation of international competitive bidding (ICB) contracts awarded to them was observed during project implementation. To ensure involvement of all joint venture partners in contract administration, it would be necessary for each individual joint venture partner to issue a guarantee against the collateral for their individual and joint liability. Issuance of individual and joint liability along with a performance bond would ensure liability for the work among all joint venture partners.

Project Number: 37027-013
Project Name: Subregional Transport Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In general, program loans should either exclude highly complex and far-reaching policy reforms or build on intensive policy dialogue and enhanced monitoring and review by ADB. Corrective action regarding the scope and implementation arrangements of the program should be considered at an early stage if implementation is observed to fall behind schedule or government capacity, ownership, and commitment show signs of receding.

Project Number: 35376-023
Project Name: Second Phase of the Governance Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The evaluation offers lessons regarding the need to properly adapt the scope and time frame of reforms to institutional capacity and to sequence reforms. Budget reform should be regarded as an evolving process and should focus on a more limited set of reforms that are within the reach of government institutions.

Project Number: 35376-023
Project Name: Second Phase of the Governance Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The provision of technical assistance (TA) should match the scope of targeted policy reforms and the capacity of implementing agencies. In addition, it appears from the evaluation of the program that ADB's great reliance on TA consultants to develop much of its policy and advisory input affects its ability to develop sustainable internal capacity on policy issues. It has thereby reduced ADB's ability to quickly respond to government requests for policy advice and to engage in long-term dialogue.

Project Number: 34135-013
Project Name: Financial Regulation and Governance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In general, it is proposed that program loans should either not include highly complex and far-reaching policy reforms or build on enhanced policy dialogue, comprehensive technical assistance, and intensive monitoring and review by ADB. Lack of technical understanding on the part of political decision makers requires support for comprehensive and consistent advisory technical assistance throughout the drafting and approval process of new legislation.

Project Number: 34135-013
Project Name: Financial Regulation and Governance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The evaluation offers some lessons regarding the need to (i) properly adapt the scope and time frame of comprehensive and sensitive policy reforms to institutional capacity, (ii) carefully sequence reforms, and (iii) take a long-term approach to development. Developing capital markets is a long-term process, for which 10-20 years may be considered a realistic time frame. Capital market reform should focus on a limited set of highly selective and sequenced reforms that are within reach of government implementation capacity.

Project Number: 34135-013
Project Name: Financial Regulation and Governance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Developing an indicator to measure quality improvements during the life of the project could have assisted in focusing the quality improvement interventions. A national assessment of student achievement using international standards is part of the school sector reform program. Grades 3, 5, and 8 will be assessed.

Project Number: 34022-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In the case of pool funding, efforts should be made to continue collaboration until the end, including a joint evaluation, to identify joint lessons and to maximize use of resources.

Project Number: 34022-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Deliberately designing stakeholder participation and public debates on education policy reforms could have benefited implementation. The lack of broader stakeholder participation, particularly in the districts, risks losing ownership by implementing agencies.

Project Number: 34022-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The dependence of reforms on proposed legal provisions should be analyzed. Both the development of the national curriculum framework and the decentralization of education could not be implemented fully because the legal provisions were not in place.

Project Number: 34022-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Benchmarking education quality reforms with international and regional best practices, is important and could have contributed to strengthened reforms.

Project Number: 34022-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Support Project
Report Date:
CSV