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Lesson
Strong technical support and advice from ADB provides value addition to infrastructure projects, particularly for countries where institutional capacity is weak. Support includes the conduct of diagnostic work to assess the capacity of the sector and the institution and determine the risks and discuss the needed mitigation plan. The project was approved during the time when reorganization in the sector was underway. Thus, both the government and the ADB could have built on the momentum to fully take on its first multimodal transport investment.

Project Number: 41192-013
Project Name: Regional Logistics Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Complex projects, with an intention to have innovative features, including private sector participation, are better designed and implemented if there is a clear government sector plan that is fully supported both at the national and provincial levels. The lack of a clear sector plan in this case resulted in changes in government priorities and decision (i.e., from multimodal to rail-to-rail transshipment, from private operator to state-owned entity).

Project Number: 41192-013
Project Name: Regional Logistics Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
High-level participation among stakeholders in the design, implementation, and establishment of community mechanisms contribute substantially to project success. Buy-in of stakeholders and active participation in the processes from design to implementation are critical, specifically when the project involves new approaches and pilot programs

Project Number: 48216-001
Project Name: Integrated Livelihoods Improvement and Sustainable Tourism in Khuvsgul Lake National Park Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Preparation of the design for operation and maintenance (O&M) at the outset facilitates the sustainability of the waste management facilities installed in protected areas and early handover to the community management teams. Consideration of these operational matters at the early stage of implementation could have mitigated the subsequent O&M issues for community waste management teams and toilet systems.

Project Number: 48216-001
Project Name: Integrated Livelihoods Improvement and Sustainable Tourism in Khuvsgul Lake National Park Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Road projects can only be justified if a credible traffic forecast is prepared for the with-project and without-project scenarios. Project preparation should include robust traffic surveys and accurate traffic forecasts, based on the economic circumstances of the region in the project’s target area.

Project Number: 41193-015
Project Name: Western Regional Road Corridor Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishment and effective usage of a project performance monitoring system (PPMS) allows proper project benefit identification, quantification and valuation. However, no PPMS was established, with absence of requirement specified in the report and recommendation of the President or loan covenants resulting in poor data for evaluation at project completion

Project Number: 41193-015
Project Name: Western Regional Road Corridor Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Programs such as this should take a holistic approach to measuring and abating air pollution. Although substantial progress has been made, longer-term policy measures to address the ongoing air quality issue in Mongolia are still needed The increased concentrations of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide show shortcomings in the program’s overall achievements, along with the concentrations of small particulate matter which remain above World Health Organization’s guidelines, necessitating more policy actions.

Project Number: 53028-001
Project Name: Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program and Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program – Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Publication of air quality should be institutionalized to provide a feedback loop to policy makers and to empower the public to assess overall progress. ADB’s participation in the longer-term framework for air pollution abatement will reinforce the feedback and will be an instrument to provide additional assistance that will ensure the continued air pollution reduction in Ulaanbaatar and other urban areas in Mongolia.

Project Number: 53028-001
Project Name: Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program and Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program – Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender and social inclusion elements could have been better integrated in the program. The focus of the program was on the poor and vulnerable population and the social welfare assistance provided to them. The assessment of gender impacts of the policy reforms could have been undertaken, taking into account the gender and inclusion issues in the reform and consolidation of social welfare programs.

Project Number: 50302-001
Project Name: Social Welfare Support Program Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
In-depth review of each social welfare program effectiveness is needed for consolidation and possible termination. The review could assess whether the targeting mechanisms adopted have ensured that the benefits go to the poor and vulnerable population or misused. Social welfare spillovers could result in suboptimal outcomes. Otherwise, a more sophisticated targeting approach could be undertaken.

Project Number: 50302-001
Project Name: Social Welfare Support Program Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Outcome could have been extended for a longer period than just one year, with stronger monitoring and evaluation (M&E) required. The program outcome was to maintain social welfare expenditure at least at MNT339 billion in 2017. A 1-year time horizon was too short. Even though social welfare expenditures increased in the following years, a 5-year time horizon may have been more appropriate to encourage sustainability. Furthermore, a stronger M&E system is required for social welfare programs since output 2 focused on improving their targeting.

Project Number: 50302-001
Project Name: Social Welfare Support Program Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
A comprehensive and thorough review of the detailed design at prefeasibility and detailed design stage, including accurate cost estimates, helps in facilitating better project implementation.

Project Number: 39265-022
Project Name: Western Regional Road Corridor Development Project, Phase 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Harmonizing guidelines used in the preparation of the government’s PCR with that of ADB’s is imperative.

Project Number: 39265-022
Project Name: Western Regional Road Corridor Development Project, Phase 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Firming-up sufficient project financing before implementation helps ensure timely completion.

Project Number: 39265-022
Project Name: Western Regional Road Corridor Development Project, Phase 1
Report Date:
Lesson
A single-tranche PBL is a better option to respond to a crisis situation.

Project Number: 49210-001
Project Name: Social Welfare Support Program
Report Date: