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Lesson
Careful political economy analysis can help identify potential legal or regulatory changes on the horizon that could impact planned interventions. In this case, changes in the regulatory framework related to hazardous waste management resulted in the cancelation of one output.

Project Number: 45009-002
Project Name: Fifth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB has been at the forefront of social welfare reform in Mongolia. Continued engagement at the country level is key to further strengthening the system through improved targeting, consolidation of benefits, and improved financial sustainability. Although not the aim of the emergency assistance loan, the project highlighted the need for further reforming the system.

Project Number: 54214-001
Project Name: Shock-Responsive Social Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical knowledge in the sector and confident partnership with the sector’s main agencies built up over long-term policy dialogue are required for successful interventions and country assistance in a period of crises. When the food and financial crises required rapid assistance to Mongolia, ADB’s sector knowledge and the relations built up over several years of policy dialogue and assistance were the basis for rapidly preparing a program and project package to assist the government.

Project Number: 42322-012
Project Name: Food and Nutrition Social Welfare Program and Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Focusing projects on a few, contiguous areas can facilitate cross-learning thereby improving implementation and heightening impacts. The project was implemented in four aimag centers selected by the executing agency which are not geographically close. It could have been more beneficial if the project were implemented in neighboring aimags to allow the beneficiaries to learn from one another and observe spillover effects of project activities.

Project Number: 52303-001
Project Name: Managing Solid Waste in Secondary Cities
Report Date:
Lesson
Unforeseeable changes in the regulatory framework introduced after project approval can result in changes in project design and scope. In this case, it prompted lengthy discussions that ended up with the cancellation of one output. The experience needs to be considered for projects that plan to address complex issues with multisectoral involvement in countries like Mongolia that are still transitioning and frequently introduce changes in the existing regulations.

Project Number: 45009-002
Project Name: Fifth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB's long standing engagement in the country, especially in the health and public finance sectors and in fiscal and macroeconomic policy developed its readiness to respond effectively and quickly. The One ADB approach and the application of the streamlined business processes under the CPRO policy also worked well for Mongolia, as it clearly demonstrated that cutting several bureaucratic layers in the approval process does not necessarily compromise the quality of the end product.

Project Number: 54174-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The CPRO experience highlighted three main lessons. First, it confirmed Mongolia's solid precrisis record in structural reforms and macroeconomics, which put the country in a strong position to effectively respond to the multifarious impact of the pandemic. Second, the fast approval of the CPRO policy and lending modality enabled ADB to provide critical emergency support to eligible client countries in times of exceptional need, clearly showcasing the importance of institutional

Project Number: 54174-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The government's response to the pandemic was comprehensive and effective. It provided a policy framework through the National Emergency Response Plan, and identified a set of concrete measures, associated expenditures, and financing plan which it brought together under the countercyclical expenditure development plan. The expenditure development plan further combined revenue and expenditure measures shown by international experience to be effective in safeguarding fiscal sustainability.

Project Number: 54174-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Unforeseen events outside the control of the executing agency, such as amendments to laws and regulations and changes in decisions, require additional effort, time, and resources—and accordingly, flexibility in the project. This is especially relevant in the context of a country such as Mongolia, which is still transitioning to a market-based economy and rapidly developing, and therefore, frequently introduces new changes to the existing legislation.

Project Number: 41243-012
Project Name: Fourth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date: