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Lesson
Performing adequate risk assessment and identifying mitigation measures accordingly at appraisal, including sufficient stakeholder consultations, are important measures in ensuring smooth project implementation and readiness. Specifically, safeguards risk assessment would benefit from a thorough due diligence and analysis of project risks, which reduces the potential safeguards related issues, specifically with respect to land acquisition and resettlement compensation.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Developing outcome and output indicators that are consistent with the project design allows appropriate assessment of project achievement against the defined targets. Well-formulated indicators support the accurate measurement of project achievements as defined in the design and monitoring framework. For example, the reduction in transport costs could be directly measured by lower transport fares and vehicle operating costs.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a financial cost-benefit evaluation for the toll revenue-generating motorway is a methodological weakness. The project completion report (PCR) did not explain why it did not conduct a financial cost-benefit evaluation for the toll revenue-generating motorway. This validation notes that the RRP too did not conduct such evaluation.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
Due diligence for future projects should include developing a thorough understanding of the institutional setup and internal review and approval procedures as well as mapping out effective mitigation measures to minimize delays. This project's implementation was affected by cumbersome approval mechanisms at the executing agency (EA) headquarters for contract variations and extensions. Frequent interventions by ADB and EA top management were required to expedite decision-making.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely and appropriate changes in scope and reallocation of loan and grant proceeds responding to actual project needs emerging from implementation can help utilize available loan and grant resources in a more targeted and efficient manner to facilitate more activities and deliver more outputs. For example, responding to the government’s request relating to E35 contributed directly to developing an efficient and safer transport corridor between Islamabad, Faisalabad, and Multan for more connectivity between the various parts of the country.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
The implementation of large investment programs could be streamlined with the engagement of a loan-funded project management consultant from the beginning using advance procurement.

Project Number: 37192-023, 37192-033, 37192-043, 37192-044
Project Name: Power Transmission Enhancement Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
A design and monitoring framework could become more useful and informative for assessment if it could include quantifiable indicators for capacity building when the requirement is identified during program appraisal.

Project Number: 37192-023, 37192-033, 37192-043, 37192-044
Project Name: Power Transmission Enhancement Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a project performance management system created difficulties in estimating the project’s economic benefits. A project performance management system would provide data on which to base more accurate EIRR estimates and the development impacts of road projects.

Project Number: 40075-023, 40075-033, 40075-043
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The lack of specificity in the DMF creates difficulties in assessing the development impacts of road projects. For example, a decrease in the road fatality rate in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province was a poor indicator for road safety on the project road.

Project Number: 40075-033
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a project performance management system (PPMS) created difficulties in estimating the economic benefits of the project. A PPMS would provide data on which to base more accurate EIRR estimates and the development impacts of road projects.

Project Number: 40075-033
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-matched policy-based loan and technical assistance is a promising approach that can enable the attainment of more ambitious and technically difficult reform results.

Project Number: 48065-003
Project Name: Public Sector Enterprises Reform Program (Subprogram 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Beyond a broad road map, it may be beneficial to concentrate support on PSEs that have already demonstrated results or good performance.

Project Number: 48065-003
Project Name: Public Sector Enterprises Reform Program (Subprogram 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Focusing PSE reform programs or components thereof on selected demonstrations and bringing these demonstrations to conclusion can produce models on how companies could be liquidated, privatized, or restructured to boost performance.

Project Number: 48065-003
Project Name: Public Sector Enterprises Reform Program (Subprogram 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
A road map approach, which integrates intensive support for all the three triage groupings (liquidated, privatized, and retained and improved), agreed or urged in the 2013 IMF Extended Fund Facility and reiterated in 2019, and provides a much more targeted and politically sensitive communication strategy can help Pakistan gain headway in reforming its PSEs.

Project Number: 48065-003
Project Name: Public Sector Enterprises Reform Program (Subprogram 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Incremental PSE governance reforms in Pakistan can be helpful, if layered on many others over a long period of time.

Project Number: 48065-003
Project Name: Public Sector Enterprises Reform Program (Subprogram 2)
Report Date: