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Lesson
Monitoring and evaluation is an important part of any project and the ASDP was fortunate to have monitoring and evaluation officers in the PCU and in theprovinces and districts. The adoption, diffusion, and cost/production surveys were an important part of the monitoring and evaluation system and helped provide information on the value of the project. This aspect of the project was particularly well implemented.

Project Number: 34380-013
Project Name: Agriculture Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Faster disbursement process. Disbursement was slower than specified in the conditions of contracts. In addition, local funds were disbursed much later than ADB funds. The government needs to reduce the time for disbursement of funds to improve cash flow of the contractors.

Project Number: 30240-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Cambodia Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
At appraisal, the project was designed to cover two subsectors: roads and customs. Projects of this type, covering different administration sectors, need adequate guidance and coordination. A project coordination office may be established at the central government to coordinate project management and implementation activities between the concerned government agencies.

Project Number: 35457-013
Project Name: East-West Highway Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB teamwork. ADB needs to have better teamwork approach between its operational support divisions for activities, such as consultant recruitment where support divisions have more authority over approvals. The project completion review mission observed that absence of internal coordination created the initial delay in the consulting selection process.

Project Number: 30240-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Cambodia Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project was cofinanced by several external aid agencies. This modality proved to be suitable for financing the rapid development of the road subsector. In future road projects financed by multiple aid agencies, the Azer Road Service Open Joint-Stock Company (ARS) needs to strengthen its project management capacity in the aspects of financial accounts, project scheduling, and quality control.

Project Number: 35457-013
Project Name: East-West Highway Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Match covenants with jurisdictions. One covenant required government approval of the road law and transport policy. However, the formulation of the road law and transport policy that was expected under the project was delayed. The requirement should not have been a loan covenant because the Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MPWT) did not have jurisdiction over rural roads and thus lacked the ability to comply fully. Loans should not include covenants that impose requirements on an executing agency that lacks full jurisdiction to meet them.

Project Number: 30240-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Cambodia Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The contractor for the Gazakh-Georgian border section was perhaps not familiar with the country's situation at the start, and this caused mobilization delays and difficulty in finding suitable local subcontractors. In future road projects, the Ministry of Transport (MOT) needs to provide bidders with adequate local information at pre-bidding meetings, and publish information on the cost of locally available inputs (materials, equipment, and labor) on its website to allow bidders to submit sensible bids.

Project Number: 35457-013
Project Name: East-West Highway Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Azerbaijan experienced sharp increases in the prices of fuel, utilities, and major road construction materials between project appraisal and detailed design. These led to significant changes in the project scope and financing plan. In future road projects, greater due-diligence needs to be undertaken during project design and formulation, which includes carrying out adequate cost estimations, setting aside enough resources to cover contingencies, and shortening the interval between appraisal and implementation.

Project Number: 35457-013
Project Name: East-West Highway Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Closer ADB watch on environmental issues. Closer ADB supervision through regular submission of environmental monitoring reports by MPWT, along with regular safeguard reviews, will help avoid or minimize adverse environmental impacts due to project implementation.

Project Number: 30240-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Cambodia Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project was the first of the ADB-assisted road projects in Azerbaijan. Many lessons were learned during project preparation and implementation. The main lessons are summarized below:

Project Number: 35457-013
Project Name: East-West Highway Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Better planning of vendor relocation. Planning for relocation of roadside vendors in projects such as this needs to pay careful attention to the viability of new market area sites and to involve close consultation with the affected individuals. Moving vendors from a roadside to proper market facilities does not guarantee that they will earn the same income as before. A new marketplace housed in a linear building running parallel to the road and provided with service lanes could give better access to relocated vendors.

Project Number: 30240-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Cambodia Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The implementation delay for the local roads component resulted in the shifting of this component to subsequent ADB-assisted projects. As local road development can efficiently bring project benefits to rural areas, especially to the poor, in future road projects more attention should be paid to the development of local roads, an integral part of the country's road network.

Project Number: 35457-013
Project Name: East-West Highway Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Poor quality of the project framework, which lacks clearly identifiable performance indicators, preventing a robust evaluation.

Project Number: 33418-013
Project Name: Tonle Sap Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To understand that enactment of new laws (financial leasing law in this case) would take time particularly in countries faced with capacity

Project Number: 36383-013
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Development Program [Loan 2129-CAM]
Report Date:
Lesson
To provide TA for capacity enhancement and program implementation to make a success of a reform program (2 TAs were provided in conjunction with the Program in this case) is also essential; and constraints is necessary.

Project Number: 36383-013
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Development Program [Loan 2129-CAM]
Report Date: