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Lesson
At appraisal and during implementation, establishing demand-driven agricultural advisory centers and MIUs (market intelligence units) that were autonomous from government was seen as an essential project component. There was a desire for the organizations to be on a secure financial footing with farmers contracted to pay for advice they received. However, the transfer of project vehicles and equipment procured for them to government agencies, including MOA (Ministry of Agriculture), risks the centers' sustainability.

Project Number: 37530-013
Project Name: Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project showed commendable flexibility in implementing new activities (e.g., establishing veterinary centers) in response to beneficiary needs. As a result, the project has strong community support and ownership (e.g., infrastructure, veterinary centers, PUSs [pasture user societies]). This should ensure sustainability.

Project Number: 37530-013
Project Name: Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project benefited from involving women in the planning process of infrastructure projects. There was strong community ownership; the structures targeted community needs; and in many cases women led the operation and maintenance of structures. This contributes strongly to the investment's long-term sustainability.

Project Number: 37530-013
Project Name: Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation of the credit line would have been more successful if (i) financial and integrity due diligence was conducted of financial intermediary and microfinance institutions at appraisal, and (ii) necessary project and subsidiary loan agreements were signed. Having signed agreements between MOF (Ministry of Finance), microfinance institutions, and ADB may have prevented MOF relinquishing its role as financial intermediary after project approval.

Project Number: 37530-013
Project Name: Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Some payment delays occurred as a result of mistakes in withdrawal applications because of the complexities of cost sharing between the Global Environment Facility and Asian Development Fund grants. Simplified consistent arrangements should have been established.

Project Number: 37530-013
Project Name: Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective implementation is strongly linked to the quality of project management. Implementation suffered from poor leadership and a lack of focus on activities and outcomes by the first two project directors. This was reflected in the non-compliance with ADB's Guidelines on the use of Consultants and Procurement Guidelines, and the non-implementation of ADB- approved activity changes. These resulted in delays and reductions in project scope.

Project Number: 37530-013
Project Name: Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project had too many DMF (design and monitoring framework) indicators, some of which were poorly defined and hence not properly measured, set too high for the activities to achieve, without clearly defined targets. Component 3 could only pilot technologies within the implementation period, hence the large-scale raion impacts could only be achieved many years after adoption. Project management did not have the capacity to prioritize the DMF indicators.

Project Number: 37530-013
Project Name: Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project design. The holistic flood risk management approach that combines physical, non-physical, and legal measures (as distinct from previous reactive infrastructure-oriented flood control measures) was quite effective in helping people address flood risks. Second, the specially designed spurs have been effective in stimulating sedimentation, with natural vegetation, inside the river channel, which could augment rehabilitated embankments for effective flood protection, and would reduce O&M (operation and maintenance) requirement.

Project Number: 40046-013
Project Name: Khatlon Province Flood Risk Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation arrangements. While foreign contractors were not attracted to the ICB (international competitive bidding) packages because of the location and limited time available to complete the rehabilitation works, national contractors were able to undertake civil work with a contract value of $1.5 million. Second, there was a high project administration burden associated with the large number of civil works contracts (there were 28 civil works contracts awarded through either NCB [national competitive bidding] or ICB, with an average contract amount of $0.7 million).

Project Number: 40046-013
Project Name: Khatlon Province Flood Risk Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A monitoring and evaluation system needs to be permanently established within the Ministry of Water Resources and Land Reclamation. While it was established as part of project management, M&E was discontinued after the PMO closed. Hence, project specific data cannot be provided for evaluating long-term outcomes, impact, and poverty reduction.

Project Number: 32494-023
Project Name: Agriculture Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The phasing of cost recovery and measures to ensure sustainable operation and maintenance of tertiary systems should have been identified at the outset. Transferring management of tertiary irrigation and drainage systems to beneficiaries as a means for participatory water management was appropriate and in line with IWRM principles. However, the phasing of cost recovery and measures needed for WUAs to become sustainable should have been made clear at the outset. Measures for achieving full cost recovery should have been identified early in the implementation process.

Project Number: 32494-023
Project Name: Agriculture Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Mechanisms for sustaining support services for dehkan farms should have been incorporated in the project design. Agricultural support provided to dehkan farms was limited to the duration of the project. No mechanisms were put in place to ensure sustainability of benefits beyond the project’s life. The activities of demonstrations farms were very helpful to dehkan farms in increasing productivity, but these were stopped after project completion. Further, most of these demonstration farms were distributed to individual and family dehkan farms after completion of the project.

Project Number: 32494-023
Project Name: Agriculture Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular monitoring, reappraisal, and redesign are often critical for project success and need to be built meaningfully into ADB’s project management processes. This project would have been considerably more successful if ADB had monitored and supported it more intensely.

Project Number: 33042-013
Project Name: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Improving on-farm agricultural productivity is important for project efficiency and sustainability. Access to irrigation water is not the only constraint on improving crop yields. Higher farm incomes from yield improvements due to productivity gains make it easier to pay water use fees and sustain operation and mainetnance (O&M) of irrigation infrastructure.

Project Number: 33042-013
Project Name: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a high project administration burden associated with a large number of civil works and equipment contracts.

Project Number: 33042-013
Project Name: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project
Report Date: