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Lesson
The COVID-19 pandemic experience provided the government an opportunity to develop its approach to monitoring and reporting. During the loan period; ADB supported the executing agency in the quarterly monitoring of expenditures under the government’s emergency loans. This was appreciated by the government and because it provided the only English-language summary of government expenditure under the two emergency decrees, the quarterly monitoring was continued at government’s request even after loan closure.

Project Number: 54177-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Government’s effective and responsive implementation of the program and use of funds highlighted the importance of being able to adjust allocations as demanded by the crisis. The government successfully utilized its ADB countercyclical loan to support its relief and stimulus program under its two pandemic emergency decrees and funds (FY2020 and FY2021). In particular; the Cabinet responded rapidly to the successive waves of COVID-19; allocating and reallocating budgets to work plans and projects where they were most needed at any one time.

Project Number: 54177-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program has helped strengthen ADB’s role as a trusted partner and created a positive experience for the government to strengthen its relations with development partners. The loan provided international funds that have helped address the government’s objective to reduce borrowing in the domestic market and have helped ensure liquidity in Thailand’s private sector. The program’s accompanying technical assistance provided the government with value-added policy dialogue and technical assistance to help address the government’s knowledge needs as they evolved through the crisis.

Project Number: 54177-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The lack of available data across government departments can be challenging especially during times of crisis. The government encountered difficulties in collecting sex-disaggregated data in some instances; making it difficult to understand how women and girls were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Disaggregation by employment and disability status was challenging as well. The sex-segregated data on testing capacity and incentive for health workers included in the completion report were proxies based on total beneficiaries and the male and female ratio among the healthcare work force.

Project Number: 54177-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to maintain some degree of flexibility to effectively respond to crisis situations. Perhaps the most important quality of Thailand’s CARES program was its ability to rapidly mobilize demand-driven support in a crisis; highlighting the importance in future crisis responses of maintaining some degree of flexibility in both program design and implementation. ADB was able to process and approve the program within 3 months of the government’s initial request for support. Events in Thailand necessitated loan signing to take place about 4 months after ADB approval.

Project Number: 54177-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Indicators and targets relying on surveys that may not be available at the time of measurement could benefit from the identification of alternative measures during program design. One of the outcome Indicators in the CARES design and monitoring framework is measured by the WHO only every 5 years and information about its most recent assessment is due for release in mid to late 2022; after the end of the CARES program. Uncertainties and disruptions created by emergencies need to be considered when designing Indicators to ensure that targets are achievable and realistic.

Project Number: 54177-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Insufficient financial staffing and difficulties in information collection could hinder compliance to ADB financial requirements. During implementation, the IA faced challenges in complying with ADB’s financial management requirements. Submissions of audited project and entity financial statements were delayed because of (i) difficult information collection process, (ii) reports not complying with ADB guidelines, and (iii) insufficient accounting staff because of Uzbekenergo’s unbundling and restructuring.

Project Number: 41340-013
Project Name: Advanced Electricity Metering Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Deficiencies in structure and lack of authority can hamper the work of the PMU and create implementation difficulties. Although the PMU was established to coordinate the work of various departments of the executing agency, the PMU structure could have been more effective. The PMU’s role was limited to liaising with ADB and coordinating the inputs of the executing agency’s planning, design, procurement, and construction departments.

Project Number: 41340-013
Project Name: Advanced Electricity Metering Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of capacity and experience in executing/implementing agencies as well as lack of reference projects can negatively impact project implementation. This project encountered delays because the executing agency and project management unit (PMU) lacked capacity and prior experience with international financial institution–financed procurement and management of large projects. Moreover, there were no reference projects with similar legal and regional setups to provide lessons and guidance to the executing agency and PMU.

Project Number: 41340-013
Project Name: Advanced Electricity Metering Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a dedicated Gender staff in the implementing agency can limit the implementation of the project's Gender action plan (GAP). The reform process in the sector led to the suspension of some GAP activities and necessitated revisions of several GAP activities and targets. Although the factors that caused the delay in the implementation of the GAP were beyond the control of the executing agency, the absence of dedicated Gender staff in the PIU impeded certain GAP activities.

Project Number: 41340-013
Project Name: Advanced Electricity Metering Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The potential risks relating to ADB procurement procedures and the government’s lengthy procedures to register contracts and verify prices were clearly identified at appraisal. With the failure to complete the civil works contract award process and the eventual loan cancellation before any construction could take place, appropriate mitigation measures were lacking. In future projects, more rigorous risk assessment and design of mitigation measures are required to ensure potential contracting problems are dealt with promptly and do not delay project implementation.

Project Number: 50063-001
Project Name: Kashkadarya Regional Road Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Good due diligence at appraisal is important to prepare a realistic project costing and schedule, particularly paying attention to the institutional setup, internal review and approval procedures, existing capacity, and prior experience of the government and executing agency in implementing ADB’s and other development partners' projects

Project Number: 43151-023
Project Name: Talimarjan Power Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Private sector participation can translate into additional financing to tap other energy sources such as solar and wind, which can complement combined cycle gas turbine technology. Combined with efficient operations, this can boost consumer access to affordable and sustainable electricity.

Project Number: 43151-023
Project Name: Talimarjan Power Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring pertinent output performance indicators for capacity building are important to reflect to better tackle deficiencies identified during due diligence of the executing agency and the implementing agency's capacities, especially regarding procurement and their understanding of ADB procedures and requirements.

Project Number: 50063-001
Project Name: Kashkadarya Regional Road Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Data collection on all Indicators in each tranche project should be ensured to facilitate a reliable assessment of the accomplishments and performance of each project and the entire MFF. The executing agency (EA) is required, as part of the government’s undertakings, to establish a project performance monitoring system to collect and measure baseline data on the performance Indicators in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) during implementation and to submit to ADB, as self-evaluation, the government’s completion report for the implemented projects.

Project Number: 44483-024, 44483-023, 44483-026, 44483-027
Project Name: Second Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 2 Road Investment Program
Report Date: