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Lesson
The need for the cancelation of loan savings would be avoided by using realistic cost estimates during project preparation, as pointed out in the project completion report, is an appropriate lesson. However, this validation notes that the actual project cost was 28% lower than appraisal estimates, but the reduction in total ADB loan was 45%, i.e., from an estimate of $463 million to $253 million at program closing. The lower program cost reflected high-cost estimates, but higher counterpart funding was the bigger factor in the cancelation of the loan savings.

Project Number: 42039-033, 42039-036
Project Name: Power Transmission Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Processing teams need to ensure that the scope and cost estimate of projects are realistic and reflect the actual contexts. Changes in the procurement plan and safeguards document necessitated by the revisions in project scope and costs caused startup delays. The Viet Nam component had a large amount of undisbursed budget because of overestimations in the cost of civil works and land acquisition and resettlement. Advance actions to engage critical consultants early enough should have helped mitigate the delays.

Project Number: 41444-013
Project Name: Second Northern Greater Mekong Subregion Transport Network Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Overestimated project costs lead to unutilized loan amounts and wastage of commitment fees. At appraisal, the investment program was estimated to cost $920.0 million, comprising ADB loans of $730.0 million (79.4%) and government contributions of $190.0 million (20.6%). At completion, the program cost totaled $669.3 million, of which ADB provided $253.8 million (37.9%).

Project Number: 42039-033, 42039-036
Project Name: Power Transmission Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCRV lessons are practical and useful for designing other TAs to support survey development and implementation. The first lesson could be improved by drawing on analysis of concrete examples under this TA (e.g., give examples of issues resolved via pilot testing the survey instrument prior to implementation).

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
There are strong potential welfare gains to smallholder farmers and their communities by improving access to clean energy and learning the practices and mechanisms of climate-friendly agriculture developed and encouraged by this TA. This scaling-up potential to an ever-wider diversity and number of stakeholders can be a next logical step, and require s careful consideration how the maximum number of people can be reached with the best efficacy; that is, through a combination of public, private, donor, and other resource means.

Project Number: 39542-022
Project Name: Implementing the Greater Mekong Subregion Core Agriculture Support Program (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Based on further information provided by ERCD, understanding the additional costs (beyond external review fees) would help in identifying the reasons why there was no second-round issuance (which affects reputation if green status is lost) even though issuers have already invested heavily to establish proper internal system to monitor use of proceeds and provide post-issuance reporting.

Project Number: 50057-001
Project Name: Promoting Green Local Currency-Denominated Bonds for Infrastructure Development in ASEAN+3
Report Date:
Lesson
The way the lesson was formulated in the TCR could be improved (it is stated more like an issue rather than lesson learned). But lessons can be inferred that addressing reputational risk and additional costs for meeting green bonds requirements, ensuring a certain level of market maturity, and establishing clear regulations by market regulators are necessary conditions to the successful attainment of the TA objectives.

Project Number: 50057-001
Project Name: Promoting Green Local Currency-Denominated Bonds for Infrastructure Development in ASEAN+3
Report Date:
Lesson
NSOs should also be more generally supported in future TAs to train more enumerators and supervisors on how to use tablets on a quarterly basis so that they are familiar and comfortable with using technology. This is particularly true for older enumerators who may be less comfortable with navigating through technology but, given their experience, are excellent at their job of collecting data.

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
Training a reserve set of enumerators on the use of CAPI is vital in the successful implementation of the CAPI survey. If the core set of enumerators are unable to work due to illness, family emergency or other reasons, having reserve enumerators prevents the disruption of survey activities.

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
The CAPI questionnaire design will impact the overall survey and post_x005F_x0002_survey activities such as datacleaning, validation, and processing. A survey pre-test is encouraged before the actual field implementation.

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
Our TA had specific criteria for selection of the three DMCs, as per paragraph 14 of the TA report (https://www.adb.org/projects/docu ments/implementing-ict- tools-data_x005F_x0002_collection-and-management_x005F_x0002_national-surveys-sdg-tar). The selection process was therefore open to all DMCs, and the process was more demand driven.

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
Online training courses or MOOC that allow students free access and unrestricted participation are an efficient way to disseminate information on the platforms and methodologies used in the project. MOOC also is an effective way to reach out to more students than in_x005F_x0002_person workshops and can reduce per- capita costs.

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
There are concerns on the additional costs associated with green bond issuances, as well as reputational risk if their bonds lose their green status

Project Number: 50057-001
Project Name: Promoting Green Local Currency-Denominated Bonds for Infrastructure Development in ASEAN+4
Report Date:
Lesson
Furthermore, clear regulatory guidance from relevant market regulators are seen as key to promote sustainable finance in ASEAN+3.

Project Number: 50057-001
Project Name: Promoting Green Local Currency-Denominated Bonds for Infrastructure Development in ASEAN+4
Report Date:
Lesson
They also identified a lack of local currency green bond issues and the absence of investors with responsible investment mandates as reasons for the immaturity of green bond markets.

Project Number: 50057-001
Project Name: Promoting Green Local Currency-Denominated Bonds for Infrastructure Development in ASEAN+4
Report Date: