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Lesson
While face to face communication would have been better in certain cases, adaptation to pandemic restrictions by adopting new ways of working in addition to being agile and flexible proved adequate and strong enough to successfully implement projects during the pandemic. The program was implemented during a very challenging period when the pandemic was just reaching its peak, the health situation was deteriorating globally, and lockdown measures were being intensified.

Project Number: 51252-003, 51252-004, 51252-005
Project Name: Financial Market Development Program
(Subprograms 1; 2; and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Nonpartisan, broadly upheld leadership is crucial to the success of pandemic/crisis response programs. Leading the national efforts in the fight against the pandemic, His Majesty the King traveled extensively across the country to achieve the highest level of preparedness and to instill public confidence by alleviating the difficulties faced by the people and ensuring uninterrupted supply of food and essential commodities. His Majesty’s compassionate leadership resulted in building mutual trust and confidence among the people and their leaders.

Project Number: 54183-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Combating pandemics of COVID-19’s scale requires a whole-of-society-and-government approach. While replicating the Bhutanese experience may be difficult given the country's uniqueness in many ways, Bhutan's strong leadership and the government's relentless endeavor to implement public safety measures while vaccinating nearly the entire adult population is notable. Bhutan’s COVID-19 response with a whole-of-society-and-government approach under the leadership of the King is exemplary and provides a model for combating pandemics of such a scale.

Project Number: 54183-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Preparedness should be front and center of a disaster and/or pandemic response. The government set up a health emergency operations center and a WHO emergency operations center in 2018, and invested in medical camp kit tents, initially meant to be deployed for disaster relief. During the pandemic, the tents were repurposed to screen and treat patients with respiratory symptoms. In 2019, the country upgraded its Royal Centre for Disease Control laboratory, with equipment to not only handle new and deadly influenza viruses but also SARS-CoV-2.

Project Number: 54183-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
During the finalization of this validation, SARC provided another lesson: Flagship knowledge products on a sector involving multiple countries can contribute to more effective planning and programming of regional interventions.

Project Number: 45396-001
Project Name: South Asia Economic Integration Partnership
Report Date:
Lesson
Despite issues associated with the RETA’s design and relevance, ADB was able to maintain operations in two countries. The lesson here observed that the focus on tangible benefits was able to maintain some momentum.

Project Number: 45396-001
Project Name: South Asia Economic Integration Partnership
Report Date:
Lesson
Agreed. Another useful lesson is the importance of involving clients in a hands-on manner to build a technical product and ensure the transfer of technical expertise, and the subsequent adoption or uptake

Project Number: 47146-001
Project Name: Macroeconomic Modelling for Improved Economic Assessment
Report Date:
Lesson
The lesson is that the demonstration of innovative pilots can help to ensure that these are taken up in design and implementation of ADB lending operations. Nevertheless, dissemination of knowledge to DMC stakeholders also provides an important avenue to bring local stakeholders on board.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
SAOD added that exposure to local knowledge is important. First-hand experience and exposure to realities at the local or community level is vital in promoting knowledge in designing climate change adaptation and mitigation measures or policies.

Project Number: 46470-001
Project Name: Action on Climate Change in South Asia
Report Date:
Lesson
Participatory approaches which engage national stakeholders, including through activities such as field visits, vulnerability, and data assessments help to deepen understanding of the local context so that TA design can be appropriately strengthened and learning can be shared with resident missions and other country programs. Participatory approaches can also help to build stakeholder understanding, knowledge, and skills, and are more likely to result in deeper institutional ownership.

Project Number: 46470-001
Project Name: Action on Climate Change in South Asia
Report Date:
Lesson
Demonstration of the benefits of the tools (such as the time and efficiency improvements from the SARD RS-GIS) can usefully encourage their wider uptake.

Project Number: 46470-001
Project Name: Action on Climate Change in South Asia
Report Date:
Lesson
The use of different dissemination pathways (such as trainings, workshops, seminars) is critical for sharing and transferring knowledge to external partners and can help to stimulate wider interest as these are placed in the public domain (downloads are trackable, and can serve as a proxy for wider interest). Within the ADB sharing tools and knowledge, particularly when they relate across sectors, these can help promote uptake of more efficient models that can contribute to institutional efficiency.

Project Number: 46470-001
Project Name: Action on Climate Change in South Asia
Report Date:
Lesson
Measuring participant satisfaction and understanding immediately following training events are limited aspects of institutional learning. However, assessing emerging shifts in behaviors and practice could help to interpret the strength of effectiveness of TA knowledge interventions—evidence on these shifts over time could have been collected during project completion reporting.

Project Number: 46470-001
Project Name: Action on Climate Change in South Asia
Report Date:
Lesson
When changes are made to targeted knowledge products (e.g., combining knowledge products, not publishing products on the ADB website), the rational for these changes need to be analyzed and explained in M&E reports.

Project Number: 46257-001
Project Name: Strengthening Integrated Water Resources Management in Mountainous River Basins
Report Date:
Lesson
Some measure of the uptake and/or utilization of core knowledge products is essential to assess the impact of knowledge products.

Project Number: 46257-001
Project Name: Strengthening Integrated Water Resources Management in Mountainous River Basins
Report Date: