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Lesson
Additional consideration should have been given to the provision of the following, which addresses particular problems encountered: An independent, external wastewater system design review should have been undertaken to more effectively review design work and ensure compliance with Indonesian design standards;

Project Number: 43255-013
Project Name: Urban Sanitation and Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More technical input on community sanitation practice should have been included in the CDTA consultants’ terms of reference; and

Project Number: 43255-013
Project Name: Urban Sanitation and Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The more important role of women in project decision-making processes needed more emphasis in project implementation, especially in urban areas in Indonesia.

Project Number: 43255-013
Project Name: Urban Sanitation and Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lessons

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion
Report Date:
Lesson
Combination of major expressway construction and link roads improvement, including national and provincial highways and rural roads, contributes to inclusive economic growth. On financing, ADB financed 13.2% of the project cost with the balance provided by the national and provincial governments including loans from the Bank of China and the China Construction Bank. Leveraging funds was a key aspect of ADB financing under the project.

Project Number: 40626-013
Project Name: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The presence of ADB in such a consortium gives added credence to the project’s viability. Project-level lessons. The validation views that community-based routine rural road maintenance by women proved successful resulting in lower costs and improved work. The approach, using performance-based contracting, addressed the funding shortage to maintain rural roads and assisted poor women in rural communities. This approach to routine rural road maintenance should prove to be a model for similar activities in other provinces not only in PRC but also in other countries.

Project Number: 40626-013
Project Name: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a need for ADB projects to further strengthen the quality of economic analysis, particularly in the areas of quantification and valuation of economic benefits, and shadow pricing, to strengthen reporting on project performance. The methodology needs to be better understood by all, and more consistency is required by ADB staff, consultants, and the government in such analyses. Perhaps better and more explicit guidelines are called for.

Project Number: 40626-013
Project Name: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of baseline data and excessive number of targets in the original DMF was the result of inexperience with the MFF modality. The management of DMFs throughout the life of a MFF was a lesson to be learned but the lessons did not include the way in which baseline data was applied and targets designed. These topics were not new to project DMFs. It is also suggested that the overestimation of what the program could achieve is also a lesson to be learned and one which might be expected in a pioneer application of the MFF modality.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The $770 million appraisal estimate for 836 km of roads was overambitious given the 10-year time frame and the acknowledged low capacity of the NHA at appraisal. Project 1 design underestimated the security constraints to project preparation and implementation especially in Baluchistan which contained the largest proportion of project roads. Appropriate risks and assumptions were not adequately recognized by ADB until Project 2.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The institutional strengthening component was highly responsive to the operational deficiencies of the NHA. The design of this component was much weakened by NHA’s lack of commitment which caused delays and changes to the terms of reference and missed performance targets. Closer collaboration with the NHA prior to loan approval could have strengthened this component.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition problems experienced by NHA. This required working with provincial governments which have legal responsibility for land matters and going through the difficult experiences in harmonizing national laws and ADB’s policy for social safeguards. An independent consultant engaged under the institutional strengthening project in 2007 identified and presented these issues in a written report.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In addition to these identified lessons, this validation finds two additional lessons to improve project sustainability: undertake a more detailed financial evaluation of road maintenance funding to determine if financial resources are sufficient—with and without the tolling option, and

Project Number: 41121-043
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor I (Zhambyl Oblast Section) [Western Europe–Western People's Republic of China International Transit Corridor] Investment Program (Tranche 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
the business plan of the operating and maintenance company should be better analyzed to determine the validity of toll revenue assumptions.

Project Number: 41121-043
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor I (Zhambyl Oblast Section) [Western Europe–Western People's Republic of China International Transit Corridor] Investment Program (Tranche 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lessons

Project Number: 37266-032
Project Name: Road Connectivity Sector I Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Consultation for land acquisition is difficult. In the project, two sections (0.5% of the project roads) are not yet completed owing to difficulty in acquiring the land. The NHAI recently adopted a policy that construction procurements will be started only when more than 80% of land acquisition is completed. However, even if this policy had been adopted in the project, the project still might not have resolved the issues it faced. Land acquisition is a difficult issue in India, and lack of careful consultation with landowners can lead to delays in the acquisition of land for roads.

Project Number: 34420-013, 34420-023
Project Name: National Highway Corridor (Sector) I Project
Report Date: