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Lesson
The country’s restructuring affected GESI institutional structure adopted through GESI operational guidelines and requires revision of GESI operational guideline to align with federal structure. Although MOUD has instituted GESI operationally, other structures do not exist after restructuring of MOUD and its department to align with the country’s new federal structure.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Financial management staff’s inclusion in review missions will be key to ensuring improved financial performance of future projects. Neither the ADB project team nor PCO could decipher financial management requirements and covenant quantifications due to the absence of financial management staff in review missions. The team failed to follow up on audit opinions and recurrent issues, leading to recurrence of the same issues and delays in submitting the APFS. This improved only after inclusion of a financial management staff toward the end of the project.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuous community consultation, benefit sharing, and interagency coordination are vital to create social acceptance for SLS construction. The Nepalgunj SLS construction was successful due to continuous community engagement, cooperation among political leaders, and early implementation of a community development program targeted to community living near the SLS. The SLSs in Janakpur and Siddharthanagar had to be dropped, however, as nearby communities did not allow their construction.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In future, project design consultant’s scope of work should include assessment of background and technical information for underground existing utilities. The project had initial design delays and design modifications during implementation mainly due to unavailability of existing utilities’ underground information such as by plan profile and as-built drawing. Final DSC designs were not always comprehensive. This required variations for most contracts, resulting in both start-up delays and contract modifications.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More time needs to be allotted for loan effectiveness if there are institutional changes to be made and implemented. The 90 days provided was insufficient when government bureaucracy requires review and approval up to the highest levels.

Project Number: 35049-023, 35049-033, 35049-012
Project Name: Padma Multipurpose Bridge Design Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring the availability of adequate project funding through firm financial commitment from project stakeholders at the onset of project appraisal is important in mitigating possible delays and risks. This helps to ensure adequate funding for detailed engineering design and other related projectpreparatory activities.

Project Number: 35049-023, 35049-033, 35049-012
Project Name: Padma Multipurpose Bridge Design Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Rigorous assessments on the costs of project design and feasibility studies during project preparation can help avoid design inconsistencies and scope changes. A more careful assessment in identifying all project components (e.g., surveys and studies) and procurement costs (e.g., civil works and consultancy services), including appropriate cost contingencies, are crucial in ensuring that project expenditures are consistent with the financial plans, budget, and project activities.

Project Number: 35049-023, 35049-033, 35049-012
Project Name: Padma Multipurpose Bridge Design Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Extensive consultations are critical for identifying and addressing unforeseeable issues emerging from project implementation. By being responsive and flexible, potential duplication of project works can be avoided, and synergy between ADB and other development partners with shared interestscan be created to harmonize the support and maximize the benefits for the target borrower. As in this case, the project adjusted its scope of RAMS development because of the World Bank project approved in March 2015.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to perform an adequate due diligence at appraisal to develop a realistic project schedule that duly considers the borrower's institutional setup and internal review and approval procedures, and the executing agency's existing capacity and prior experience in implementing ADB projects. Identifying and implementing risk mitigation measures and providing early implementation support are crucial in minimizing initial delays and facilitating timely implementation progress.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Given the long-term nature of support to sector plans, continuous update of inventory of interventions and partnerships, along with their achievements, issues, lessons, and recommendations, can benefit future interventions in the sector. For sector loan projects where past, related interventions and investments were provided, building on progress achieved from them and duly taking account of relevant recommendations can optimize project design and fast-track project implementation toward efficient fund utilization and satisfactory delivery of project outputs.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Preparing, reviewing, and monitoring project cost estimates contribute to a more efficient utilization of project funds. A more in-depth assessment and consideration of currency depreciation factors during project appraisal permits a more robust cost estimate. Under this project,a significant loan amount was cancelled due to the rupee depreciation. In-depth financial planning and cost projections, coupled with risk mitigation measures (e.g., developing back-up subprojects in an advanced state of readiness) allows for better utilization of loan savings.

Project Number: 40423-033
Project Name: Rural Connectivity Investment Program—Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Procurement planning and readiness are critical prerequisites in the administration of bids and contract packages. Ensuring sufficient capacity of executing and implementing agencies facilitates a smooth procurement process. Developing back-up subprojects is also beneficial especially for implementation under the MFF in anticipation of cancellation of some subprojects. Given that civil works contractors in the rural areas have limited capabilities and as subprojects vary in size, this would proactively build an inventory of prequalified contractors.

Project Number: 40423-033
Project Name: Rural Connectivity Investment Program—Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing a system for project performance and benefit monitoring, and ensuring its operation after post-project completion helps facilitate the systematic tracking of project results. Weak monitoring and reporting of implementation issues and the insufficient collection and analyses of project benefits and socioeconomic data would hamper project evaluation and lead to noncompliance with loan covenants. The project planned for a PPMS, and DMF indicators were to be collected at baseline and monitored annually. But in this project, the PPMS submitted only one annual report.

Project Number: 38349-013
Project Name: Air Transport Capacity Enhancement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing the critical requirements for project readiness creates an enabling environment in facilitating the implementation of project activities. Without these requisites, project risks (e.g., institutional factors, procurement risk and delays, among other things) can be greater which could lead to cost and time overruns. A well-defined implementation arrangement at the onset between executing and contracting agencies would convey clear guidance on the respective functions and scope of operations required during various stages of implementation.

Project Number: 38349-013
Project Name: Air Transport Capacity Enhancement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Government and counterpart approvals of project processing milestones are important in project design preparation and implementation as these eventually influence the achievement of outcomes. Flexibility in project structuring, reviews, and pre-procurement processes (e.g., advance contracting) ensure that projects are properly scoped and ready. Likewise, a comprehensive assessment of the project’s implementation timeline, financing, and risks involved helps underpin any change in scope.

Project Number: 43393-023
Project Name: Ho Chi Minh City Third Ring Road Technical Assistance Project
Report Date: