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Lesson
Leveraging private sector capacities to effectively contribute to emergency measures were key success stories. These were done through constructive partnerships, as demonstrated by the lab development for enhancing testing capacities at the start of the pandemic, and by leveraging women-led self-help groups for manufacturing personal protective equipment.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
India’s investments in social protection frameworks—through the public distribution system, the JAM trinity for direct benefit transfers, and fuel transfers ensured that ongoing social safety net programs could be quickly mobilized to respond to the economic vulnerabilities created during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The CPRO modality is deemed relevant, appropriate, and efficient for this program, as it allows DMCs to address spending requirements for health, social, and economic measures in response to the pandemic. Discussions with the government to align the modality with response measures facilitated critically needed fiscal stimulus to better manage the immediate economic and financial shocks created by the rapidly unfolding COVID-19 pandemic and an overwhelmed health care system.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong coordination between ADB and the executing agency, the Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), and the high level of government ownership of the program were the keys to developing a program focused on the vulnerable sections of society and to delivering an effective response to the pandemic at unprecedented speed and scale. The program supported key initiatives of the government to mitigate pandemic impacts. ADB and the DEA closely interacted to monitor and report on the progress of program implementation.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program had multiple value-additions to strengthening the resilience of the health care system, including strengthening the capacity of intensive care units, staff capacity, laboratory infrastructure, supply chains, and the capacity for testing. It also improved surveillance and supported the adoption of a new IT-based unified health surveillance system. Furthermore, it\] scaled up research interventions for identifying new pathogens, and deployment of newer medical technology through national research institutions.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of readily available and measurable social and economic data can limit the scope of the design and monitoring framework (DMF). The CPRO loan supported 12 schemes of the PMGKY program, which extended insurance cover for health workers, cash transfers, food and fuel transfers, and employment guarantees.. However, the DMF included only eight schemes for monitoring as part of the CPRO loan because specific results and performance Indicators could not be devised during appraisal considering the urgency of the requirement for assistance.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Multi-pronged regulatory and financial support to small businesses and employment security measures provided financial security to the vulnerable households as they responded to macroeconomic shocks. These enhanced program effectiveness in enhancing social and economic protection to vulnerable businesses and sections of the population at the time of COVID.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong alignment with government strategies and priorities leads to strong government ownership and participation in program implementation. The reforms adopted under this program were essential to improve fiscal credibility and strengthen the capital market in Armenia. They were fully aligned with the strategies of the government and ADB. Because of this strong strategic alignment, government ownership of the program remained strong and all implementing agencies actively coordinated with ADB to achieve the reform agenda.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a programmatic approach in policy-based loans (PBLs) can put at risk the sustainability of reforms. This program was designed as a stand-alone, single-tranche, PBL and effectively achieved its objective because of strong ownership by and well-coordinated efforts of the authorities and ADB staff. However, the lack of a programmatic approach posed a high risk to the sustainability of the reforms made.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical assistance (TA) is required to develop the capacity of institutions to meaningfully engage with ADB on a longer-term basis. ADB’s continuous engagement with the country, during and after a PBL, is essential. It allows ADB to keep a foothold in the country, learn about the reforms being assisted by other development partners, remain updated about emerging needs and issues, support sustainability, and help in processing new programs.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Dissemination of achievements made under the program is essential for knowledge-sharing and to strengthen ADB’s image as an effective development partner, The program supported the implementation of key reforms that were relevant and highly desired by the government to accelerate the country's economic growth. It is important to communicate the achievements made, with the general public and development partners, to improve knowledge and raise awareness. Communication and public awareness are also essential to enhance ADB’s status and credibility as an effective development partner.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Targeted and medium- to long-term assistance in key sectors is particularly critical for Georgia to sustainably recover from COVID-19 impacts. There is opportunity in crisis that, if taken advantage of expeditiously, can lead to significant beneficial measures. In the case of Georgia, the depth of the crisis that led ADB and other development partners (DPs) to offer a large rescue package illustrates what can be achieved under crisis situations.

Project Number: 54191-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Continued monitoring of the non-tranche policy actions of reform programs is critical to ensuring that these actions are completed on time.

Project Number: 52074-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal Sustainability Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Timing is essential in the successful implementation of reforms.

Project Number: 52074-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal Sustainability Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Successful reform programs require thorough background analysis and research, extensive consultations, and strong national ownership and championship.

Project Number: 50051-001
Project Name: Improving Public Expenditure Quality Program, Subprogram 1
Report Date: