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Lesson
The project had a high weighting of consultant inputs in the first 6 months. It is unrealistic to expect that international consultant teams can be on the ground and achieving outputs within such a short time frame in countries such as Pakistan, given the difficulties in recruitment. An alternative may be to phase in international consultant inputs later in the project to allow for a more realistic recruitment process. However, application of the streamlined business arrangement principles should provide greater project preparedness for accelerated consultant recruitment.

Project Number: 38447-013
Project Name: Rural Enterprise Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The concept of a sustainable self-funding Rural Enterprise Modernization Company (REMC) providing BDS in markets with limited ability to pay was an inappropriate design. The services provided are public benefits, which are traditionally the role of government rather than private companies. The lack of private entities currently providing these services in Pakistan reinforces this point.

Project Number: 38447-013
Project Name: Rural Enterprise Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The prequalification activity should ensure participation of capable and resourceful contractors. The postqualification procedures should have been adopted for procuring civil work contracts allowing more participation and wider competition.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Lower-cost technologies have significant potential to improve public health. The very high cost of servicing small and isolated towns in PNG through reticulated WSS systems means that lower-cost alternatives should be considered. Water prices have risen and will rise further with the Independent Consumer and Competition Commission's (ICCC) regulatory contract with the Waterboard. This improves the commercial environment for the Waterboard, which it may be able to exploit if it can provide improved services more efficiently.

Project Number: 31467-013
Project Name: Provincial Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-qualified and experienced project team leader and consultants' familiarity with ADB processes are essential to implement an ADB-financed project.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Late completion of pre-project activities and advance actions caused inordinate delays and ultimately incompletion. Resources should have been mobilized more quickly.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB should have insisted on dedicated professionals with a demonstrated track record to ensure consistency, continuity and competence in the project team.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The project had difficulty in attracting international contractors; those who were contracted performed poorly. Suitable packages for local competitive bidding may yield better results.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Targeting poor families with grant funds and low-cost technology makes good sense. The low cost sanitation and community awareness and health education (LC-CAHE) component was the most successful part of the project, despite cost overruns and reduced impact compared with the original targets. It combined low-cost infrastructure improvements with vitally needed information to improve awareness and understanding of the need for greater cleanliness and modern sanitation to improve public health. It also involved working with poor communities in a participatory manner to build commitment.

Project Number: 31467-013
Project Name: Provincial Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Pre-project capacity building is essential in the following areas: procurement; loan and contract administration; disbursement processes; monitoring and evaluation mechanisms; periodic reporting needs; and social and environmental safeguards.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In the case of unrecoverable delays, ADB should have considered reducing the project scope, closing the loan early, or suspending the loan until all conditions were met.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The local communities and government should have been considered as part of the project team as they could have played an important role in planning and implementation.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Previous performance of consultants should have been a major evaluation and selection criteria. Penalties for poor performance and failure should have been introduced in the consultancy contracts. A stricter approach should be adopted for replacing specialists.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Only priority sites should be surveyed at project design. Identifying a short list, not a long list, of priority sites before PPTA starts is good practice. Frequently, executing agencies in Papua New Guinea (PNG) do not identify priority sites or undertake preliminary analysis, citing their lack of preparatory budgets or skills. This does not foster ownership and passes on responsibility to consultants. In this case, PPTA consultants were asked to survey 12 provincial towns, out of which only 2 were ultimately developed.

Project Number: 31467-013
Project Name: Provincial Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The Government of Sindh (GOS) should have had greater ownership and commitment to the completion of activities. A project-based, decision making forum may have been an option to reduce processing delays.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date: