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Lesson
Future sector strategies and projects seeking to modernize agriculture in Uzbekistan will require a thorough analysis of the markets and an evaluation of the sustainability of previous interventions. The new sector reform strategy seeks to reduce farm quotas, support other high-value crops (including horticulture), and introduce more resource-efficient agricultural methods (e.g., drip irrigation).

Project Number: 37536-013
Project Name: Land Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Small targeted technical assistance can have a significant impact on institutional capacity. The project supported the enhancement of the GIS capabilities of the Hydrogeological Melioration Expeditions (HGMEs), primarily through the GEF grant. Local HGMEs have benefited from the institutional capacity building provided through the project. Through the use of GIS, they are able to map drainage and irrigation infrastructure and facilities in the project areas, to support their O&M planning and implementation.

Project Number: 37536-013
Project Name: Land Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Agricultural drainage projects will yield greater benefits if they are coupled with complementary support for irrigation and other agricultural support mechanisms. In this case, the farms achieved more efficient drainage through the project, but the project did not pay enough attention to ensuring the prudent use of water. Overwatering is still practiced by farmers, exacerbating the inefficient transfer of water from sources to farms (40% reported water loss).

Project Number: 37536-013
Project Name: Land Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular monitoring and early course correction are required to mitigate poor project readiness and weak baselines. The project suffered from project readiness issues that resulted in significant cost overruns and delays. While ideally these would be captured before project approval, if they are not, it is imperative that identified flaws are acted on as soon as possible during implementation to allow for course correction.

Project Number: 37536-013
Project Name: Land Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The riverbank erosion management system can play a crucial role in sustaining the adaptive approach beyond the life of the project. Greater clarity is needed on what a riverbank erosion management system (REMS) consists of and what institutional setting is required to make it sustainable. Effective operation of a REMS needs to be based on a crystal-clear consensus on the roles of local stakeholders, implementation arrangements, and Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) coordination and financial commitment.

Project Number: 34038-013
Project Name: Jamuna-Meghna River Erosion Mitigation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An adaptive approach can work effectively to mitigate riverbank erosion if it is executed to its full extent. Such riverbank protection work requires persistent commitment and continuous effort, unlike a one-time physical investment. Effective mitigation measures using geo-bags along riverbanks requires the implementation of an adaptive approach. O&M activities, including routine maintenance, need to be continuously implemented in parallel.

Project Number: 34038-013
Project Name: Jamuna-Meghna River Erosion Mitigation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Agreement of all project stakeholders on the use of an adaptive approach and on O&M at the design stage is crucial for achieving project results. More time should have been spent during project design to ensure there was a common understanding on the following questions: What activities are required for the adaptive approach? What is the difference between the adaptive approach and O&M? Who is responsible for the implementation of the adaptive approach and O&M? How is the adaptive approach to be implemented after the project?

Project Number: 34038-013
Project Name: Jamuna-Meghna River Erosion Mitigation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 44318-023, 44318-025, 44318-026
Project Name: Housing for Integrated Rural Development Investment Program—Tranches 1, 2, and 3
Report Date:
Lesson
The move of smallholder farmers toward commercialization requires tailored infrastructure. The NRSLLDP, through the VIF, supported CDD-related infrastructure (such as village meeting halls) at the provincial, district, and local levels. Livestock development and commercialization endeavors, on the other hand, will require new infrastructure to address impediments such as access to water, animal shelters, medicinal supplies, cold-chain, access roads, and market infrastructure.

Project Number: 35297-013
Project Name: Northern Region Sustainable Livelihoods Through Livestock Development Project (A Joint Evaluation)
Report Date:
Lesson
Sustainable access to savings and credit is essential. In the future, savings and credit instruments should be designed around actual farmer needs in terms of timing, amount, duration and repayment and collateral requirements. A key decision for IFAD, ADB, and the government will be to agree on a partner—for example, the Bank of Laos—to implement the rural finance component of the NSLCP transparently and professionally.

Project Number: 35297-013
Project Name: Northern Region Sustainable Livelihoods Through Livestock Development Project (A Joint Evaluation)
Report Date:
Lesson
LPGs can be a conduit to share experiences, exchange knowledge, and gain access to inputs and improved market opportunities and prices. Unfortunately, the NRSLLDP was rather short-sighted and did not seek to develop groups to access or provide benefits to farmers throughout the production chain (from inputs, to husbandry, to selling). The project also dropped the access-to-market component.

Project Number: 35297-013
Project Name: Northern Region Sustainable Livelihoods Through Livestock Development Project (A Joint Evaluation)
Report Date:
Lesson
The transition to commercial agriculture requires extensive training and empowerment of smallholder farmers. The NRSLLDP aimed to provide farmers with animals to be integrated into their semi-subsistence livelihoods. These additional animals were stores of wealth that were sold occasionally to smooth consumption (e.g., school fees) or support other investments (e.g., motorbikes). With a commercialized approach, the focus is on maximizing a stream of income over a sustained period. This will require substantial changes in the production, marketing, selling, and reinvesting cycle.

Project Number: 35297-013
Project Name: Northern Region Sustainable Livelihoods Through Livestock Development Project (A Joint Evaluation)
Report Date:
Lesson
Preparation of sound project feasibility studies is required. With the support of the government and ADB, future conservation programs and projects will need to develop improved implementation systems and provide more practical support for beneficiaries. As mentioned, fishers’ behavioural practices need to be taken into consideration in project design and support for group livelihood activities. Furthermore, technical support for livelihood activities is usually required for a minimum of 2 years.

Project Number: 32176-013
Project Name: Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project Phase II
Report Date:
Lesson
Project assets should have been handed over to fishing communities in project districts. Another impact of discontinuity under the project was poor asset management of social infrastructure. The MMAF did not hand over the constructed assets to the district or village at project completion. It is necessary that all infrastructure built under a project is handed over formally to appropriate institutions before the project ends.

Project Number: 32176-013
Project Name: Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project Phase II
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuity of human resources should be ensured. During COREMAP II implementation, NGOs were engaged for 16 months and facilitated to set up community groups in villages, e.g., MCS groups, coral reef management bodies, and women’s groups. Several months after the NGOs left, district governments (Bintan, Natuna) assigned extension workers, but the NGOs’ engagement period was too short to ensure that the community groups were adequately operational and functional. In most villages, NGO staff were not absorbed into extension worker positions.

Project Number: 32176-013
Project Name: Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project Phase II
Report Date: