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Lesson
Proper formulation of training components is necessary to effectively build the capacity of institutions and meet priority needs. Providing resources for a program that is not well developed usually results in poor use of resources as priorities for use of resources do not often match additional skill requirements. An important lesson from the assessment is a need for more attention to the implementation of institutional components during project supervision as physical components are a natural priority of implementing agencies.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Policy dialogue with the government is crucial for improving capacity in the areas of road asset management, road safety, and traffic monitoring. (i) If the road asset management tools developed under the project were used as envisaged, this would improve the performance of the road sector in the long term. (ii) It is essential that investment in road safety is based on knowledge of road safety conditions, which need to be measured so remedial actions can be proposed and assessed.

Project Number: 28261-023
Project Name: Fiji: Third Road Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A policy-based loan needs a clearly articulated policy matrix and performance indicators with direct linkages to the design and monitoring framework (DMF) to allow results to be attributed to policy actions. In many instances, it was difficult to attribute reported achievements to policy actions supported by the program. This affected the understanding of the program’s effectiveness. The results chain of a policy-based loan should be explicitly presented in the project documents and the DMF indicators should fully reflect intended outcomes of the selected policy actions.

Project Number: 35174-082
Project Name: School Sector Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Results-based lending may be more suitable than policy-based lending for sector-wide approach, as they require a broad range of interventions implemented step by step and with appropriate incentives. When the program was approved, results-based lending was not yet available at ADB. The decision to opt for a policy-based lending modality was adequate, as it was the most suitable modality available at the time. However, the School Sector Reform Plan involved different types of initiatives, ranging from policy reforms to specific ground-level interventions.

Project Number: 35174-082
Project Name: School Sector Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The intensive involvement of the resident mission is crucial to the successful implementation of a program supporting a sector-wide approach (SWAp). Close coordination with development partners and regular consultations with government counterparts take on greater importance in a SWAp, as was illustrated under the program. Appointing a focal person at the resident mission can help in addressing issues as they emerge, and in ensuring ongoing participation in policy dialogue and joint review meetings.

Project Number: 35174-082
Project Name: School Sector Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Limiting the number of policy actions and reform areas could help to tighten future policy-based loans and adopt deeper policy actions. It would also allow sufficient time to implement the attached TA effectively, further strengthening potential impact. The program included a large number of policy actions, spread over five different reform areas, and some of its policy actions lacked the depth required to bring about structural change.

Project Number: 35174-082
Project Name: School Sector Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Periodic reviews of a port’s IT systems are imperative. The container cargo volume currently being handled is already well above the capacity of the CTMS. Although a prolonged operational standstill has not occurred, the risk of a system breakdown will grow as increased usage strains CTMS capacity.

Project Number: 36105-013
Project Name: Chittagong Port Trade Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Urban areas adjacent to port developments should anticipate the growth of port traffic in their urban plans. City development efforts should consider the impact of likely growth in port traffic on both intra- and inter-city traffic. Port and city authorities should draw up coordinated short- and medium-term infrastructure plans to accommodate urban and port growth. Chittagong City has been experiencing growth in its population, the number of commercial establishments and industries, and vehicular city traffic.

Project Number: 36105-013
Project Name: Chittagong Port Trade Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
One mode cannot serve all the transport services, so multimodal transport needs to be considered for cargo movements. In the case of Chittagong Port, connector and port access roads were built under the project. Other projects involving double tracking of the Dhaka–Chittagong rail route and a capacity expansion of the Dhaka–Chittagong Highway, are being undertaken to improve port connectivity.

Project Number: 36105-013
Project Name: Chittagong Port Trade Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Future port project designs should consider intermodal connectivity. Ingress and egress to the port area are critical to the efficiency of transport infrastructure and services. Most of the major ports in Asian countries are located in major urban centers, which initially did not pose any problem since cargo volumes were still small. As cargo volumes have increased because of economic and population growth, port areas have expanded while local transport networks have failed to keep pace.

Project Number: 36105-013
Project Name: Chittagong Port Trade Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Data collection, especially of baseline data, is critical. Greater priority should have been given to ensuring that socioeconomic and baseline data were collected and reported, especially during the appraisal period.

Project Number: 36105-013
Project Name: Chittagong Port Trade Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 44318-023, 44318-025, 44318-026
Project Name: Housing for Integrated Rural Development Investment Program—Tranches 1, 2, and 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Sustainable access to savings and credit is essential. In the future, savings and credit instruments should be designed around actual farmer needs in terms of timing, amount, duration and repayment and collateral requirements. A key decision for IFAD, ADB, and the government will be to agree on a partner—for example, the Bank of Laos—to implement the rural finance component of the NSLCP transparently and professionally.

Project Number: 35297-013
Project Name: Northern Region Sustainable Livelihoods Through Livestock Development Project (A Joint Evaluation)
Report Date:
Lesson
LPGs can be a conduit to share experiences, exchange knowledge, and gain access to inputs and improved market opportunities and prices. Unfortunately, the NRSLLDP was rather short-sighted and did not seek to develop groups to access or provide benefits to farmers throughout the production chain (from inputs, to husbandry, to selling). The project also dropped the access-to-market component.

Project Number: 35297-013
Project Name: Northern Region Sustainable Livelihoods Through Livestock Development Project (A Joint Evaluation)
Report Date:
Lesson
The transition to commercial agriculture requires extensive training and empowerment of smallholder farmers. The NRSLLDP aimed to provide farmers with animals to be integrated into their semi-subsistence livelihoods. These additional animals were stores of wealth that were sold occasionally to smooth consumption (e.g., school fees) or support other investments (e.g., motorbikes). With a commercialized approach, the focus is on maximizing a stream of income over a sustained period. This will require substantial changes in the production, marketing, selling, and reinvesting cycle.

Project Number: 35297-013
Project Name: Northern Region Sustainable Livelihoods Through Livestock Development Project (A Joint Evaluation)
Report Date: