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Lesson
ADB has no modality for a financial crisis response operation for Asian Development Fund countries. The special program loan in the Program Lending Policy is limited to ordinary capital resources countries and can only used to address balance of payment crises. Likewise, emergency assistance under the Disaster and Emergency Assistance Policy (DEAP) does not include financial crisis response. As such, the program had to use the standard program grant modality and develop the design of program actions to allow quick processing and disbursement.

Project Number: 43098-012
Project Name: Crisis Recovery Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Lending Modality: Having an appropriate modality is critical. ADB's Disaster and Emergency Assistance Policy together with Achieving Development Effectiveness in Weakly Performing Countries provided a ready framework for Emergency Assistance for Post-Conflict Recovery (EAPCR).

Project Number: 42477-013
Project Name: Emergency Assistance for Post-Conflict Recovery
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB's business procedures for processing crisis response programs should be streamlined and abbreviated, as in the case of the Countercyclical Support Facility (CSF). This allows for crisis responses to be timely and prevent further deterioration of the economy.

Project Number: 43300-013
Project Name: Countercyclical Support Loan
Report Date:
Lesson
Monitoring and evaluation framework. The overall success of the program could have been greater had the design and monitoring framework (DMF) been better designed. The impact statement could have been closer to the outcome and assumptions about investor and consumer confidence more realistic. The impact statement could have focused on maintaining sustainable and inclusive public sector spending rather than to restore the Georgian economy to the pre-war trajectory of growth and social development.

Project Number: 42529-013, 42529-023
Project Name: Growth Recovery Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 37135-013, 37135-033
Project Name: Balochistan Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A project modality may not be the best approach to a process issue such as fostering improvements in a public financial management system. A combination of technical assistance (TA) and program lending or a sector development program may have been a more appropriate approach in bringing about improvements. If a project modality is used, financing plans should reflect the nature of the project inputs being financed. Although the project mobilized almost $25 million in grant parallel cofinancing, many of the international consultants were financed from the loan.

Project Number: 30535-013
Project Name: Financial Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB project supervision and guidance should match a project's complexity and challenges, especially in response to projects at risk. Particularly for a technically complex and nuanced area such as public financial management, ADB project officers should have strong relevant technical backgrounds.

Project Number: 30535-013
Project Name: Financial Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Executing agencies, ADB project officers, project consultants, and others must very carefully examine and assess the full range of possible impacts from a change of scope. Technically correct, evidence-based positions must prevail.

Project Number: 30535-013
Project Name: Financial Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The design of the BRMP, supported by the TA loan, was meant to promote the use ofavailable fiscal resources for delivering services to the poor. This can happen only if the system that links the financial sector and the delivery of services to the poor exists on the ground, and is functioning properly. The situation in Balochistan clearly did not fulfill these conditions. During Board consideration of the loan, a number of members had raised this issue and cautioned the staff, saying that implementation was going to be key.

Project Number: 37135-023
Project Name: Supporting Public Resource Management Reforms in Balochistan
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementing a reform program that involved cross-agency coordination and cooperation needed the country's highest political support, while this program was supported mainly by the Ministry of Finance (MOF) as part of its public financial management reform program. The MOF by itself appeared to lack support to push for downsizing the BPKP as contemplated under the program. In the end, the government appeared willing to sacrifice the second tranche in the interests of political expediency.

Project Number: 35144-013
Project Name: State Audit Reform Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The major lesson learned from implementing the program is that it is generally difficult to implement reform measures that involve institutional shrinking and downsizing staff as in the case of the Badan Pengawasan Keuangan dan Pembangunan or Financial Supervisory and Development Board, now the government internal auditors (BPKP). The BPKP was a well-entrenched auditing institution with about 6,500 staff, about 5,000 of whom were spread in about 30 regional offices.

Project Number: 35144-013
Project Name: State Audit Reform Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The other lesson learned was that this sort of vital reform measure, i.e., reorganizing the BPKP, should not have been pushed back as a condition for release of the second tranche. This appears to be a flaw in the program design. ADB should have insisted on reforming the BPKP step by step, making the government's agreement to reorganize the BPKP a condition for submitting the program for Board approval. Then government agreement to come up with a firm plan to reorganize the BPKP should have been made a condition for the release of the first tranche.

Project Number: 35144-013
Project Name: State Audit Reform Sector Development Program
Report Date: