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Lesson
The program assumed that by implementing the policy framework the government would have the tools and capacity to implement the full Pasig River Development Plan (PRDP), leading to the overall objective of improving the Pasig River water quality to class C level by 2014. However, the outputs of the policy loan covered only part of the implementation activities of the PRDP, and therefore it should have been clear from the start that the overall objective was not attainable.

Project Number: 30308-013
Project Name: Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The project completion mission noted that some farmers interviewed were unaware of their obligations to the government for on-farm rehabilitation cost recovery, despite having signed a repayment agreement with each water users' association and the government before rehabilitation works. This suggests that farmers had limited awareness of the cost-recovery requirements and that the farmers who were not willing to pay for rehabilitation might have been included in on-farm irrigation and drainage (I&D) systems.

Project Number: 30458-013
Project Name: Ak Altin Agricultural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In designing the National Land Information System, more attention could have been paid to the external constraints likely to impact negatively on the system (such as power and connectivity constraints). A more incremental approach to system development might have been more appropriate, with complexity added as external infrastructure improved.

Project Number: 30531-013
Project Name: Cadastral Survey and Land Registration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The program required the cooperation of a large number of government agencies, while responsibility for implementation was given to the newly established Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission, without a well-established mandate or political influence. Without high-level political support, coordination became difficult and program outcomes were not achieved. When the responsibility for project implementation was delegated to sector agencies, it became more effective.

Project Number: 30308-013
Project Name: Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In general, something as substantial and sensitive as cotton and wheat (C&W) quota system reform cannot be completed within a short time frame and should be undertaken at the national level. Although the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources was responsible for implementing the C&W quota system, reform required inputs from other government departments. Such policy reforms are better accomplished through vehicles other than projects, and certainly not a single pilot investment project in one district or region.

Project Number: 30458-013
Project Name: Ak Altin Agricultural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The level of complexity of the National Land Information System (NLIS) was also a challenge for ADB. While the technical assistance consultant provided useful reporting and briefing notes, the consultant and ADB were unable to prevent delays that resulted from the negotiations between the executing agency and contractor. More technical support during NLIS design could have helped.

Project Number: 30531-013
Project Name: Cadastral Survey and Land Registration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The program was overly ambitious in its scope and in its implementation structure. Only after modification of the scope and implementation arrangements was progress made. This could have been avoided, had a proper risk assessment and risk mitigation plan been prepared, based on the lessons learned from the previous program. Although the Pasig River Development Plan provided a good framework for the implementation of environmental improvement projects, more and longer-term assistance is required to establish the institutional setting for its effective implementation.

Project Number: 30308-013
Project Name: Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Except for special circumstances, such as when a pilot project is small or the executing agency is experienced in project implementation, the project design should be simplified to ease implementation. Generally, the focus should be on a single sector with a minimum number of types of measures. Although the project focused on rural development and agriculture, it comprised different measures (rural business strengthening, irrigation and drainage system enhancement, and cotton and wheat quota system reform) as a result of incorporating most of the challenges encountered in the sector.

Project Number: 30458-013
Project Name: Ak Altin Agricultural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Elements of the project were technically complex. While the technical assistance consultants did a good job of specifying the system requirements, there were insufficient resources to fully familiarize the client with the technical approach, and to moderate requests for system enhancements. As a result, there was a communication gap between the client and the National Land Information System (NLIS) contractor, which ultimately resulted in the system design moving away from the structure originally specified.

Project Number: 30531-013
Project Name: Cadastral Survey and Land Registration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Because the government had already purchased most of the housing prior to ADB loan approval, it could not be financed by the loan. ADB funds were therefore directed toward facilities. If ADB had not been involved in the project, the host communities would have received these community facilities much later and they would probably have been of a lower quality.

Project Number: 30308-013
Project Name: Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Mongolia is a large country with a small population and limited technical capacity. The project represented a major change to existing practices in institutions with few technical resources and limited technical capacity. In future interventions of this type, greater emphasis should be placed on measures to build technical and management capacity in the executing, implementing, and end-user institutions.

Project Number: 30531-013
Project Name: Cadastral Survey and Land Registration Project
Report Date: