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Lesson
Results-based lending (RBL) is well suited if it is embedded in a wider government-owned and led program. It can be an effective modality for achieving both physical outputs and nonphysical goals. It can also make changes in national policies that go beyond the project’s physical scope. The climate risk assessments, procurement processes, and beneficiary selection criteria used in this program were also applied in non-ADB financed provinces. The instructions issued and policies adopted by the government were “national”in nature and impact.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Focusing projects on a few, contiguous areas can facilitate cross-learning thereby improving implementation and heightening impacts. The project was implemented in four aimag centers selected by the executing agency which are not geographically close. It could have been more beneficial if the project were implemented in neighboring aimags to allow the beneficiaries to learn from one another and observe spillover effects of project activities.

Project Number: 52303-001
Project Name: Managing Solid Waste in Secondary Cities
Report Date:
Lesson
Enlisting subnational governments in improving public service delivery will result in better outcomes for the poor.

Project Number: 50168-001, 50168-002, 50168-003
Project Name: Fiscal and Public Expenditure Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR lesson is not clearly articulated as a lesson. Some reflections on the causes that lead to a typical TA project to be TRTA would have been interesting lesson to reflect. In finalizing this validation report, the NRM rephrased the lesson and provided additional information: ADB’s flexibility to reclassify TAs was an important measure to adjust project design to changed circumstances without sacrificing the resources allocated for the TA.

Project Number: 48218-007
Project Name: Support for Value Chain Development under the Nepal Agriculture Development Strategy
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCRV lessons are practical and useful for designing other TAs to support survey development and implementation. The first lesson could be improved by drawing on analysis of concrete examples under this TA (e.g., give examples of issues resolved via pilot testing the survey instrument prior to implementation).

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
The PAMT seems to be a useful tool and should be considered for scale-up on a broader scale. Presenting data in the TCR so that it is aligned with the DMF enables easier validation.

Project Number: 45376-001
Project Name: Capacity Building for Portfolio Management
Report Date:
Lesson
Suggested lesson: Approval of the proposed establishment of a center (the project outcome) was given first immediately before the project closure. Limited support from the government constrained the approval of the proposal to establish the KKC-IWRM. Hence, the staff faced increasing pressure to have it approved before the project closed. Nonetheless, the approval came on 17 September 2019, just before the project closure.

Project Number: 51364-001
Project Name: Establishment of Kazakstan Knowledge Center on Integrated Water Resources Management
Report Date:
Lesson
This is a description, not a lesson for a future TA project.

Project Number: 42417-045
Project Name: Vertical Mobility and Safety Improvement
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR should have provided a brief historical context of ADB’s engagement in the South Super Highway—the previous project had an extensive safeguards problem, and an issue with parallel bilateral agency funds. Despite that, ADB continued to engage in the same sector in the same region. However, differing political priorities of subsequent national leadership changed the course of the TA. The TCR could have elaborated how ADB should assess the political risks in starting or conceptualizing a similar loan in a sector that experienced prior difficulties.

Project Number: 46374-001
Project Name: Southern Highways Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Risks need to be identified in the design stage and effectively mitigated against.

Project Number: 45078-001
Project Name: Strategic Masterplan for Chittagong Port
Report Date:
Lesson
Rather than being a lesson learned, this is a useful recommendation. A suggested rephrasing of this into a lesson learned is: Establishing an interagency cooperation between different government authorities and designating representatives with a co-leading role ensure better management and timely resource mobilization, especially when targeted participants (including FDI investors and overseas contractors) are not managed and inspected by the implementing agency but by other government authorities.

Project Number: 48472-001
Project Name: Promotion of Environmentally Sustainable Infrastructure Investment in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
This comment suggests that private sector involvement would be a good thing, and that it is possible. However this is the first mention of it in the TCR and context is lacking as to how the private sector could be involved. More information would contextualize this comment and deepen its meaning.

Project Number: 48469-001
Project Name: Developing Gross Ecosystem Product Accounting for Eco-Compensation
Report Date:
Lesson
Early feasibility studies can be important mechanisms to assess institutional gaps, ensure alignment of the outputs and indicators with future proposed actions, and make any adjustments to the TA approach and the DMF as appropriate.

Project Number: 45419-001
Project Name: SASEC Subregional Energy Efficiency Initiative
Report Date:
Lesson
This lesson needs to be more specific. Adding context or detail to explain how to mainstream eco_x005F_x0002_compensation by integrating it with poverty reduction will be helpful. Traditional measures of economic activity already focus on cost, production, income, and other welfare-related measures, whereas eco-compensation seems to aim at something different, and more holistic.

Project Number: 48469-001
Project Name: Developing Gross Ecosystem Product Accounting for Eco-Compensation
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuity of actions and decisions is bolstered when there are regional coordination bodies to disseminate information and continue momentum.

Project Number: 45419-001
Project Name: SASEC Subregional Energy Efficiency Initiative
Report Date: