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Lesson
Strong central coordination is necessary to ensure consistent monitoring and reporting and more effective lessons-sharing among multiple implementing agencies. The Ministry of Planning and Investment was designated as the coordinating agency for the entire MFF-financed investment program, while project 3 activities—procurement and recruitment, construction supervision, financial management, safeguards compliance, monitoring, and reporting—were implemented by the participating water supply coompanies (WSCs).

Project Number: 41456-043
Project Name: Water Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Close executing agency (EA) involvement is essential throughout the implementation phase. But this was lacking in this project, which saw the provincial people's committees, the project EAs, having limited involvement in project implementation. This strengthen the case for stronger central coordination by a line ministry to facilitate timely decision-making and approvals, provide closer supervision, ensure more consistent monitoring and reporting, and promote lessons sharing to improve performance.

Project Number: 41456-043
Project Name: Water Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Stronger coordination with other ADB projects in the same province is needed at the programming stage. One previous ADB project has supported four coal cities in green economic diversification and developed diagnostic analysis and roadmap for diversification. The original TA proposal envisaged similar support. The potential overlap was addressed during TA processing by shifting the focus of this one on advancing innovation-enabling environment for green economic diversification

Project Number: 54037-001
Project Name: Innovation-Driven Green Economic Diversification for Resource-Exhausted Cities in Heilongjiang
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective knowledge transfer requires adaptation to local context and the participation of stakeholders in the design and preparation of the necessary materials and documents.The project supported the development of manuals and guidelines (e.g., corporate plans, landfill operation guidelines, public–private partnership guidelines). However, preparation of the documents had minimal participation from key stakeholders and there was limited communication to explain the documents to intended users.

Project Number: 43316-012
Project Name: Pakse Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inappropriate implementation arrangements could lead to significant implementation challenges. Implementation by thromdes created ground-level coordination challenges among multiple institutions that could have been avoided by restructuring implementation arrangements

Project Number: 44240-013
Project Name: Urban Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government needs to do more to provide leaderahip and guidance to infrastructure projects in Kiribati. The Project Steering Commitee, renamed in 2016 as the National Infrastructure Development Steering Committee, was set up to guide several other infrastructure projects aside from this one. Therefore, it can provide only limited support to the ADB project. Achieving the intended impacts of a major project such as ADB's requires regular and proactive direction from senior government representatives through all phases of the project.

Project Number: 43072-013
Project Name: South Tarawa Sanitation Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In a project involving several ministries, the choice of the executing agency (or agencies) and the role of each ministry must be carefully assessed and discussed with the government and all concerned ministries.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong ownership of the executing and implementing agencies is key to project success. Adequate consultation with the borrower during project conceptualization and design as well as regular communications during implementation are important to ensure that the executing and implementing agencies are purposively identified, and appropriate institutional arrangements are made to ensure effective and efficient project implementation.

Project Number: 44019-013
Project Name: Hubei Huangshi Urban Pollution Control and Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Extensive consultations with government and stakeholders, including ger visits, surveys, and meetings, help in developing better project design. Involving the stakeholders at design stage up to implementation, and establishment of community groups in this project contributed substantially to its success. Specifically, the buy-in of stakeholders is critically important when the project involves introduction of new technology, innovative approaches, and pilot programs.

Project Number: 49113-001
Project Name: Managing Soil Pollution in Ger Areas through Improved On-site Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adoption of global best practices in sanitation and human waste management, which are culturally sensitive, requires extensive consultations and social awareness building. The project originally planned to use a composting facility ran by the Action Contre le Faim Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, which was unexpectedly closed down. This required a minor change in scope, which was swiftly approved and provided implementation support by ADB.

Project Number: 49113-001
Project Name: Managing Soil Pollution in Ger Areas through Improved On-site Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective procurement plans and strategies require the conduct of relevant market and technical assessments, adequate consultation with pertinent government officials, and appropriate contract packaging. Several procurement issues, including unresponsive bidding, inadequate consulting services, inadequate terms of reference for consultants, etc. occurred mainly because of the technical nature of the goods and works required, which caused some changes in procurement arrangements during implementation.

Project Number: 49113-001
Project Name: Managing Soil Pollution in Ger Areas through Improved On-site Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of ownership of water users of project installations, which could jeopardize sustainability, demands appropriate action from the relevant government agencies. The project’s requirement of mandatory upfront cash collection for piped water supply connections, amounting to 5% of the estimated cost, was meant to generate ownership by the users. However, in many towns, the contribution was not made by the actual users but was raised by donations from community organizations, raising serious concerns about the efficacy of this provision and the eventual sustainability of the systems.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Vulnerable groups need to have a voice in determining the mechanisms that will enable them to fully participate and benefit from projects. To ensure social inclusion, the project provided grant funding via output-based aid (OBA) for the construction of private toilets for 100% of the verified poor and vulnerable households. However, the OBA amount was inadequate, resulting in some households not building proper toilets.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
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Lesson
Adequate stakeholder consultations, conducted at all project stages, are essential to building consensus and preventing tensions and disagreements from negatively affecting implementation.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
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Lesson
Projects should provide room for any kind of response from affected people, businesses, and other entities. The risk of delayed LAR was envisaged at project preparation, and mitigation measures were developed and implemented. Still, unexpected requests or demands were raised by project-affected people and businesses, leading to 51 complaints filed on issues such as compensation standards, physical quantity of demolition, and compensation amount.

Project Number: 45506-002
Project Name: Gansu Jiuquan Integrated Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date: