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Lesson
When functions and responsibilities are decentralized, policy dialogue with the concerned local authorities during project processing is just as important as dialogue at the central level.Although ULBs in Bangladesh depend on LGD, they enjoy some autonomy. The ULBs rapidly realized the benefit of better governance and financial management and these components were timely implemented. However, it took longer for the ULBs to appreciate the benefits of investments in sanitation and food safety funded by the project loan.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In a project involving several ministries, the choice of the executing agency (or agencies) and the role of each ministry must be carefully assessed and discussed with the government and all concerned ministries.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Project preparation should have included better articulation of the need or logic for integrating a program loan and a project loan in a sector development program (SDP). Policy dialogue, which is essential to clearly establish an understanding among the executing agencies that policy reforms and project loan financed investments are interlinked, should have been undertaken; however, this was missing in this SDP. Two separate loans delivered in sequence may have been preferable and more manageable.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Financing a series of smaller projects within a broader financing structure can provide efficient infrastructure improvement support on a larger scale. Although the project completion report indicated that these types of projects should contain fewer districts to reduce the implementation burden, the report confirmed the efficacy of the project. Therefore, to provide large-scale infrastructure, it may be preferable to finance a series of smaller projects within a broader financing structure, such as a multitranche financing facility.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project performance management system provides a framework to assess the project results better. It incentivizes a sound evaluation of a project as well strengthening the basis of development impact. This is essential for a rural development project where project’s intended benefits and development impacts are not easily identified or quantified.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For rural development projects that require relatively longer-term interventions, building on progress achieved from past related investments and technical assistance and duly taking account of relevant lessons and recommendations can optimize project design and fast-track project implementation. In the case of this project, its design capitalized on the capacity of the executing and implementing agencies and Para (village) Development Committees strengthened through phase 1 of this project 1 and took into consideration a series of specific lessons from that phase.

Project Number: 42248-013, 42248-023
Project Name: Sustainable Management of Community Development for Chittagong Hill Tracts
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong political will and commitment at all levels of government authorities have a decisive impact on the effective and efficient implementation of land acquisition and resettlement activities in the context of complex project situation. It is important for an executing agency to be proactive and work closely with local authorities and stakeholders to resolve identified issues on the ground. Monitoring of the implementation of the land acquisition and resettlement plan could start early to identify issues and find effective solutions in a timely manner.

Project Number: 42248-013, 42248-023
Project Name: Sustainable Management of Community Development for Chittagong Hill Tracts
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong government commitment and ownership are crucial to the quality of project preparation and sustainability. Specifically, establishing a clear institutional arrangement (such as, which agency performs the routine and periodic maintenance, among other things) and sound operation and maintenance strengthens the funding mechanisms of the project after completion. In this project, the government showed a high degree of ownership in ensuring that adequate budgetary sources are in place to ensure the financing of routine road maintenance.

Project Number: 45389-001, 45389-002, 45389-004
Project Name: Second Road Network Development Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility and Tranches 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The project highlighted the importance of safeguarding the nation’s wealth fund (State Oil Fund of the Republic of Azerbaijan or SOFAZ) to ensure that social programs and development priorities are sustained. In times when the nation’s wealth fund can be compromised due to external factors, exploring and pursuing viable funding options to meet the government’s financial obligations can ease pressures on the use of the fund other than its intended purposes.

Project Number: 49451-002
Project Name: Shah Deniz Gas Field Expansion Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Design and monitoring framework (DMF) indicators that are specific and clear facilitate better assessment of project achievements. Targets that are achievable within the project timeline contributes to the quality of the project design and monitoring.

Project Number: 49451-002
Project Name: Shah Deniz Gas Field Expansion Project
Report Date:
Lesson
As investment portfolio grows and as infrastructure projects increase in number, become larger, more complex, and diverse, it is important to improve the capacity of key institutions. Stronger managerial and technical capacities in areas, such as risk management, pricing, and treasury operations, are essential especially when an institution plays a nodal role in private sector financing in a growing infrastructure environment.

Project Number: 42180-016
Project Name: Third Public-Private Infrastructure Development Facility (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
New products can benefit from market and demand analysis that provide a basis for designing products that are responsive to the needs of the market. The introduction of take-out financing under this project did not benefit from such analysis. Uptake for take-out financing as designed under Tranche 1 was low. This highlights the role of market and demand analysis that provide valuable inputs in designing and introducing a new financial product that is responsive to market demand.

Project Number: 42180-016
Project Name: Third Public-Private Infrastructure Development Facility (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Comprehensive and robust diagnostics providing the rationale for the selection of policy actions are important. Using the results of these diagnostics during consultations helps stakeholders gain appreciation of the reasons for introducing policy reforms and this aids in building consensus

Project Number: 45253-002
Project Name: Third Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Setting output indicators in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) that are the same or identical to policy actions confuses inputs with intended changes generated by policy actions. IED notes that this has been a standard practice for policy-based loans (PBLs) approved under previous ADB guidelines for preparing DMFs. However, going forward, specifying indicators that clearly measure the intended changes of policy actions would facilitate a better assessment of results.

Project Number: 45253-002
Project Name: Third Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Outcome indicators that do not measure the achievement of outcomes and that are only indirectly linked to the desired outcomes weaken the attainment of objectives.

Project Number: 51059-001, 51059-002
Project Name: Improved Fiscal and Infrastructure
Management Program
Report Date: