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Lesson
Procurement procedures for outputs financed by ADB and the government budget are different.

Project Number: 40354-013
Project Name: Health Human Resources Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Policy dialogue for an SDP goes beyond the concerned sector and requires dialogue with other agencies and government officials.

Project Number: 40354-013
Project Name: Health Human Resources Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Health human resources management (including planning, teaching, and quality control) requires skills that are very different from sector financing.

Project Number: 40354-013
Project Name: Health Human Resources Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The traditional project management structure may need to be reconsidered when implementing a sector development plan (SDP).

Project Number: 40354-013
Project Name: Health Human Resources Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Support to strengthen the monitoring and reporting. Despite ADB mission reminders, the project monitoring and reporting was weak for Loan B, however, it was strong for Loan A. As the requirements are similar for both loans, one agency could have taken responsibility for project reporting and monitoring, or agencies could have supported each other to meet the requirements.

Project Number: 41339-013
Project Name: Skills Enhancement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Simpler projects are better. Some of the project activities, such as VTIS development, were set aside because of similar government initiatives. Other activities also overlapped with those in the national target programs. To avoid duplications, the project should have been more tightly focused. Careful planning is required if the project includes both equipment provision and facility upgrades as government approvals and procedures can take time.

Project Number: 41339-013
Project Name: Skills Enhancement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Training implementing agencies for ADB disbursement and procurement procedures at project start. Implementing agencies’ lack of experience and unfamiliarity with ADB disbursement and procurement procedures caused some of the project delays. This was later addressed for Loan A with the training of PMU staff. However, the training was not provided to the VDB and the private vocational colleges (which were also involved in the preparation of procurement documents), which caused significant delays in the implementation of Loan B. These delays were not resolved up to loan closing.

Project Number: 41339-013
Project Name: Skills Enhancement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For onlending, early assessments of the willingness of private institutions and early decision on who bears the exchange rate and credit risks. For Loan B, much of the delay in the beginning was caused by the unwillingness of the private vocational colleges to accept a higher-than-market interest rate for the onlending from the VDB. The VDB was charging the higher rate because initially, it was bearing the exchange rate risk and the credit risk for the loan. The VDB’s involvement in the initial design of the project was modest.

Project Number: 41339-013
Project Name: Skills Enhancement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender participation targets should be realistic. The project did not achieve some gender participation targets, even with initiatives such as tuition discounts, free lodging, and priority in employment after graduation. Given the male-dominated occupations in the project, such as welding, metal cutting, ship engine operation and repair, and automotive technology, the targets were too high and should have been revised at inception or MTR.

Project Number: 41339-013
Project Name: Skills Enhancement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The nonachievement of outputs related to the implementation of case-based payment mechanisms underlines the importance of ensuring stakeholders beyond target hospitals, such as Viet Nam Social Security, are engaged in initiatives for hospital financing reform.

Project Number: 40354-013
Project Name: Health Human Resources Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program’s implementation delays mirror the experience of other ADB health sector investments, indicating constraints to project readiness in the MOH. ADB and the MOH should engage in deeper dialogue to identify project readiness actions for future investment projects.

Project Number: 40354-013
Project Name: Health Human Resources Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The central role of Viet Nam’s tier-one HPTIs in supporting the development of lower-level HPTIs nationwide was illustrated under the program. HMU, UMP, and Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy each played mentoring roles to the second and third tier HPTIs involved in the program, across areas pertaining to accreditation, curriculum development, faculty development programs, and CME delivery, among others.

Project Number: 40354-013
Project Name: Health Human Resources Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program demonstrated the value addition of the SDP modality in supporting a government-led reform agenda, where operationalizing reforms requires policy and regulatory actions coupled with stimulus from targeted investments. Drawing on its successful experience implementing the program, the MOH has elected to pursue an SDP modality to deliver its reform agenda for the local health care system.

Project Number: 40354-013
Project Name: Health Human Resources Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Greater consideration should be given to ensuring the availability of data sources when preparing DMF indicators. Reliable data for the assessment of impact indicators pertaining to MMR and life-expectancy could not be sourced, despite DMF indicators being revised at implementation to enable objective measurement.

Project Number: 40354-013
Project Name: Health Human Resources Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Project procurement plan should be developed in close consultation with the executing agency and resident mission staff in charge of project implementation, considering the lessons under other projects, and be flexibly adjusted. Time-consuming recruitment of many consultants along with unsuitable selection methods resulted in implementation delays. For future projects of similar nature and scope, suitable procurement packaging and selection methods should be set up based on the requirements for project progress and capacity of the EA and/or IAs.

Project Number: 42080-013
Project Name: Strengthening Water Management and Irrigation Systems Rehabilitation Project
Report Date: