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Lesson
The importance of the sustained dialogue between ADB and the government, as it ensured efficient program formulation. It also enabled good coordination between the Countercyclical Support Facility (CSF) and other policy lending operations already under implementation at the time. The existence of long-term, policy-based operations in Viet Nam that focus on macroeconomic management, public financial management, and social assistance greatly assisted the processing of the VIE-CS.

Project Number: 43315-013
Project Name: Countercyclical Support
Report Date:
Lesson
The project encouraged the involvement of small contractors but they lacked resources and expertise and their participation should not have come at a cost in quality and delays. While their involvement in construction was required because they were familiar with local conditions, they needed proper technical and financial support.

Project Number: 31367-013
Project Name: Provincial Roads Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of official records on land ownership made it difficult and time consuming to pay compensation to and rehabilitate people affected by the project. The PDOTs should approach the responsible local administrations well in advance of this kind of project either themselves or through specialized agencies to ensure that records are available to implement resettlement when construction begins.

Project Number: 31367-013
Project Name: Provincial Roads Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The views of the provinces on requirements in the road classification and design - for instance, their preference for paved shoulders over earthen shoulders to better accommodate larger, two-way traffic - should have been adequately addressed at project conceptualization and or at project design and formulation stage.

Project Number: 31367-013
Project Name: Provincial Roads Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The traffic projections at the project preparation stage did not anticipate that heavy vehicle traffic would greatly increase on the project roads once they were improved. The result was an inadequate design, roads not built to withstand such heavy truck use, and greater than anticipated damage to some upgraded sections where this traffic has grown. This problem should be foreseen in future similar projects and tackled during design.

Project Number: 31367-013
Project Name: Provincial Roads Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The bid value of the project consultant was found to be at lower side. Road design should have been the sole responsibility of the project consultant and he should not have been subcontracted and fully passed the task on to a less experienced and capable provincial consulting firms with low subcontract value. This resulted in poor quality of surveys and detailed design works and a need to correct the design during implementation but also in substandard designs at certain locations.

Project Number: 31367-013
Project Name: Provincial Roads Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Frequent ADB missions throughout the implementation period, particularly visits to provinces, had a positive effect and facilitated timely decision making.

Project Number: 31367-013
Project Name: Provincial Roads Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The executing and implementing agencies believed that implementation of the EMDP should not have been their responsibility, was outside their area of expertise, and interfered with project implementation. They said that it should have been carried out through other more suitable agencies, such provincial committees on ethnic minorities or women's unions.

Project Number: 31367-013
Project Name: Provincial Roads Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Repackaging the road contracts to make them larger and more financially attractive to bidders was successful and made contract management easier for the provinces.

Project Number: 31367-013
Project Name: Provincial Roads Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The division of projects into many phases consumes additional time and resources and causes delays in project implementation.

Project Number: 31367-013
Project Name: Provincial Roads Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In any project implementation, it is much more efficient to identify and correct problems in the initial part of the project period. The frequency of ADB review missions in the initial phase of the project achieved this efficiency and did a great deal to prevent further delays. The lesson is to have a higher frequency of review missions in the early phase of project implementation.

Project Number: 33307-023
Project Name: Kunming-Haiphong Transport Corridor-Noi Bai-Lao Cai Highway Technical Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Senior staff of both the Vietnam Expressway Corporation (VEC) and Ministry of Transport (MOT) had significant experience in implementing large- scale road development projects. Both agencies had sufficient capacity to carry out the project, and the capacity was further enhanced through the project. The delays in resettlement planning were mainly caused by low capacity of project provinces and districts but not of the executing or implementing agencies.

Project Number: 33307-023
Project Name: Kunming-Haiphong Transport Corridor-Noi Bai-Lao Cai Highway Technical Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The multitranche financing facility (MFF) mode was mainstreamed into ADB's financial operations in July 2008. (The MFF was introduced in August 2005.) TA and investment loans can be combined in an MFF as separate tranches. However, use of an MFF should not be recommended for large and complex projects such as the project highway because there is high risk of project cost overrun. The estimated total cost increased from $620 million at the TA loan appraisal to $1,216 million at the investment loan appraisal.

Project Number: 33307-023
Project Name: Kunming-Haiphong Transport Corridor-Noi Bai-Lao Cai Highway Technical Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The employment of an independent design appraisal consultant has been expedient and has avoided delays. Consideration should be given to the inclusion of an independent appraisal consultant in future large and complex design preparation projects with an underresourced implementing agency.

Project Number: 33307-023
Project Name: Kunming-Haiphong Transport Corridor-Noi Bai-Lao Cai Highway Technical Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The use of a technical assistance (TA) loan for project preparation rather than including project preparation in the investment loans is fully justified because (i) it enabled project costs, revenues, and social and environmental impacts to be more accurately assessed before preparation and signing of the investment loan; and (ii) it reduced the borrower's commitment charges caused by implementation delays of 20 months.

Project Number: 33307-023
Project Name: Kunming-Haiphong Transport Corridor-Noi Bai-Lao Cai Highway Technical Assistance Project
Report Date: