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Lesson
The difficulty of enacting legislation in support of a project activity and within the time frame of a project is often underestimated.

Project Number: 30215-013
Project Name: Forest Resources Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The PPMS report was prepared but not comprehensive. The project performance monitoring system (PPMS) should include all the technical and socioeconomic indicators that are essential to monitor the project's outcome and impact.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The inclusion of a resettlement specialist within consulting services is essential to ensure timely preparation of LARPs.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The quality of civil works for watertight structures, such as the underground and elevated water reservoirs constructed under the project, achieved the required local standards. However, local civil works contractors need further training on technology and workmanship for the construction of water supply facilities, in particular, watertight structures to reach international standards.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Highest priority should be given to international consultants that are qualified and familiar with local rules and regulations related to project implementation.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate local counterpart funds should have been allocated to the PMU and the PIUs to enable them to undertake the basic socioeconomic survey at the start and end of the project.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The salaries of PMU and PIU staff should be comparable with prevailing market rates to prevent the high turnover of PMU and PIU staff.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project management unit (PMU) and project implementation units (PIUs) should be staffed and consultants recruited in a timely manner to carry out the necessary work at an early stage, such as the preparation of subproject appraisal reports (SARs), land acquisition and involuntary resettlement plans (LARPs), detailed designs, and bid documents; the selection of contractors; and coordination with government agencies and other stakeholders.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Significant inflation during project implementation affected the project cost. The total project cost could have been less than that actually spent, if the initial 2-year delay in implementation had been avoided. Action should have been taken by all the parties concerned including ADB to ensure that the government was taking timely action.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Monitoring and evaluation is an important part of any project and the ASDP was fortunate to have monitoring and evaluation officers in the PCU and in theprovinces and districts. The adoption, diffusion, and cost/production surveys were an important part of the monitoring and evaluation system and helped provide information on the value of the project. This aspect of the project was particularly well implemented.

Project Number: 34380-013
Project Name: Agriculture Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The project found very few agroenterprises in the target districts. Toward the end of the project, the focus switched to providing agribusiness skills to the higher-performing farmer households that had already been trained in the new technologies. A number of examples emerged where these farmer households moved along the production chain and got involved in the production and/or sale of farm inputs to other farmers—e.g., chicks for chicken farming, fingerlings for fish farming, chicken feed, vaccines.

Project Number: 34380-013
Project Name: Agriculture Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The project targeted a large number of districts (18) in four different provinces. The geographical spread meant that a decentralized training model was essential. Project staff deployed in the provinces and districts needed to be skilled to a level commensurate with the requirements of the project - i.e., agricultural commercialization and diversification. MAFF provided this training and skills development centrally but enabled provincial and district extension staff to provide training and back-up support to the farmer households.

Project Number: 34380-013
Project Name: Agriculture Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
New activities such as vegetable growing, mushroom growing, pig fattening, chicken raising, and fish farming are more profitable than traditional paddy production and have had high adoption rates. However, for most of the targeted farmer households these new activities will be supplementary to paddy cultivation rather than a substitute for it. This is because most smallholders' paddy production is for own consumption rather than for sale.

Project Number: 34380-013
Project Name: Agriculture Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Budgetary constraints mean that once the project ends, follow-up provision of provincial and district extension services from Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF) staff is limited. This highlights the importance of developing the informal farmer-to-farmer and input-supplier-to-farmer extension services. In particular, the village extension worker (VEW) program introduced late in the project's life has trained a number of farmers who will continue to disseminate their knowledge to neighboring farmers.

Project Number: 34380-013
Project Name: Agriculture Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The uptake of some project activities was constrained by the lack of funds (or credit) for necessary capital expenditure items (e.g., costs of establishing greenhouses, chicken-raising facilities). This was accentuated by the project's deliberate policy of seeking to involve a substantial proportion of the rural poor, who lacked cash or access to credit. Future projects should include adequate funds for such purposes or seek involvement of a nongovernment organization with funding available for such items.

Project Number: 34380-013
Project Name: Agriculture Sector Development Program
Report Date: