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Lesson
The project was somewhat overambitious in setting the timelines for achieving the reforms. The government was fully committed to the reforms, but progress depended on the progress of other projects. In this project, two loan covenants were partly complied with at the project completion due their complexity. If reforms are significant, it is useful to consider a phased approach, so that interim achievements can be captured within the project timeframe.

Project Number: 36509-013
Project Name: Woman and Child Health Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project illustrates the importance of (i) strong commitment by the government, (ii) close collaboration among development partners, and (iii) prompt response to changing client needs during implementation. The leadership provided by MOH and the project coordinator was a key to the project's achievements. The project was not a stand-alone WCH project, but a part of broader health sector reforms.

Project Number: 36509-013
Project Name: Woman and Child Health Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Developing - soft - capacities. Institutionalizing change management practices among those charged with implementing reforms - such as the efforts undertaken in the program to provide staff with technical skills to implement systems and procedures at the Ministry of Finance and Planning (MOFP) and the key revenue departments - requires upgrading of technical and change management competency. It is necessary to enable government to sustain capacity development programs beyond the life of a program (for example, by providing training experts, particularly to develop soft capacities).

Project Number: 36168-013
Project Name: Fiscal Management Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Capacity constraints and project complexity. In addition to appropriate reform sequencing, ambitious and complex programs and projects are more likely to succeed if significant attention is given to building the capability and ownership of a broad range of stakeholders. As a sector development program, the FMRP successfully tackled a wide range of issues within a short time frame, while also contributing significantly to human development in several key implementation agencies.

Project Number: 36168-013
Project Name: Fiscal Management Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A sequence to reforms. A key consideration in sequencing is that legislative and regulatory reforms require changes in the capacity of institutions (policy and rules), organizations charged with implementation, and the competencies of responsible government officers to change their management practices. This cascade of legislation-institutions-organizations-people provides a strategic sequence for reforms. However, in practice this is not a linear sequence. Rather, people (officials and stakeholders) are involved from the outset of the reform process.

Project Number: 36168-013
Project Name: Fiscal Management Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The Ministry of Water Resources and Land Reclamation (MWRLR) did not have the expertise to deliver the output of improved agricultural technologies. An alternative implementing agency such as the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development may have had more success in delivering this output.

Project Number: 33042-013
Project Name: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Improving on-farm agricultural productivity is important for project efficiency and sustainability. Access to irrigation water is not the only constraint on improving crop yields. Higher farm incomes from yield improvements due to productivity gains make it easier to pay water use fees and sustain operation and mainetnance (O&M) of irrigation infrastructure.

Project Number: 33042-013
Project Name: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a high project administration burden associated with a large number of civil works and equipment contracts.

Project Number: 33042-013
Project Name: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Infrastructure rehabilitation projects dispersed over a broad geographic area are harder to implement and have higher administrative burdens and management costs than more regionally concentrated projects.

Project Number: 33042-013
Project Name: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Partial rehabilitation of irrigation systems is less effective than complete rehabilitation. Two issues arose from the partial rehabilitation approach: (a) significant infrastructure constraints remained following the partial rehabilitation, limiting the effectiveness and efficiency of the investment; and (b) there were public misconceptions about the rehabilitation program, which contributed to the project complaints raised by nongovernment organizations (NGOs).

Project Number: 33042-013
Project Name: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For effective gender mainstreaming and achievements, gender action plans should be prepared and agreed on by all agencies involved in project implementation. Sufficient financial and technical resources should be allocated for implementation of the gender action plan.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A complex financing plan causes difficulties in consolidation of expenditures and slow submission of withdrawal applications.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Assessment of community attitudes to infrastructure, such as WWTP, should be better assessed at appraisal. For example, a participatory process to identify a feasible WWTP site would have prevented significant delays in the finalization of design and construction.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Entities intended to manage operation and maintenance (O&M) for infrastructure should be established early in the project cycle, and staff trained throughout the implementation period, rather than at the very end. For operational sustainability, a long-term O&M contract could be incorporated into the construction contract for institutions having weak capacity and staff strength.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project could support the institutional reforms efficiently if there is a clear political will and stable government.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date: