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Lesson
The need for adequate staff input and maintenance of project records. The project’s midterm review was undertaken 2 years late and almost at the end of the project period at appraisal. This absence of timely oversight and ADB’s poor curating of the project data and documents contributed to the project’s limited success. ADB’s business processes could be improved to retain key project financial and economic analyses records systematically in electronic format.

Project Number: 34023-013
Project Name: Plantation Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Need to understand the limitation of project modalities. The complexity of the PDP’s design was a weakness. As a general principle, projects should aim for simple, straightforward outputs and outcomes and involve uncomplicated implementation arrangements and a small number of implementing agencies if they hope to be successful. Projects must be designed in a way that makes it feasible for national staff (generally government officers) who often have limited resources and capabilities to manage and implement them.

Project Number: 34023-013
Project Name: Plantation Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Socioeconomic, institutional, and policy environment are important for project design. The failure of the project to achieve its intended impact, and limited achievement of expected outcomes shows that ADB needs to fully assess and understand all socioeconomic, institutional, and policy factors when it prepares and appraises projects. If these factors had been properly assessed in the case of the PDP, ADB could have lowered the outcome expectations. It could have adapted the design to match the capacity of the implementing agencies and stakeholders.

Project Number: 34023-013
Project Name: Plantation Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A clear mechanism should be identified on how voluntary land contributions are agreed upon and compensated, if necessary, among the members of beneficiary groups (e.g., WUAs). Further, these contributions should be accounted for as counterpart funds to the project.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Consider innovative water-saving technologies for some crops, such as using sprinkler irrigation for contoured lands, as water-saving technologies are becoming cheaper to implement.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In moving forward with sector dialogue and preparation of new projects, competing needs should be continuously discussed particularly regarding the acceptable trade-off between staple food (rice) self-sufficiency (as a part of a national security plan) and its economic costs in terms of fiscal subsidy burden on the national and local budgets, as well as in terms of lower farm incomes.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In addition to self-evaluation by line agencies and project offices, future projects should consider allowing more independent entities to gather key data (e.g., on yields and cropped areas, incomes, and farmers’ views on irrigation and extension service quality). This can be done by the local planning or finance agency, or an agency of the local parliament.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB can improve client service and reduce administrative and paperwork burden. This can be done by simplifying project disbursement (ensuring sufficiently large imprest account replenishment thresholds and simpler cost-sharing arrangements). Efforts should be made to reduce report generation in future projects (e.g., by combining scheme assessments, simplifying the feasibility study format, and delegating feasibility review to the respective districts and provinces).

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuing need for the project review process in ADB to allow a flexible project design if warranted, for example during this uncertain period in early 2000s for Indonesia. A more forthcoming discussion on risks and a flexible design at approval would have made it easier later to change the project scope and financing approach. This would have reduced the project implementation challenges and delays.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
As a part of the continuing institution building, agriculture sector indicators can be improved by including more service performance indicators for agencies.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Staff training modules adopted under the project generally supported routine work functions of district and provincial agencies (e.g., planning, participatory consultations, construction management), rather than only project-specific tasks (e.g., loan disbursements and PISP-specific reporting).

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A rigid and narrow scope of activities may not be optimal for projects that aim to support decentralization. Decentralization fosters more independent and bottom-up decision making by local governments and communities, and it is therefore better supported through projects that allow a broader and flexible menu of activities.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The focused intervention in water delivery needs to be implemented in conjunction with complementary projects or in appropriate (water-short) locations to ensure that higher-level project outcomes (e.g., increased yields and improved incomes) can be better realized.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The assessment of process efficiency highlighted the need for clear communication, understanding and training on administrative and financing arrangements during the design of cofinanced projects, particularly for complex natural resource management projects such as this, to avoid subsequent delays in implementation.

Project Number: 35289-013
Project Name: Sanjiang Plain Wetlands Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects aimed at achieving ecological and biodiversity gains, in this case for migratory birds and wetland species, face significant monitoring challenges that should not be underestimated. Careful consideration of these challenges is required at the design phase of the project in terms of resources, training and technology.

Project Number: 35289-013
Project Name: Sanjiang Plain Wetlands Protection Project
Report Date: