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Lesson
The institutional strengthening component was highly responsive to the operational deficiencies of the NHA. The design of this component was much weakened by NHA’s lack of commitment which caused delays and changes to the terms of reference and missed performance targets. Closer collaboration with the NHA prior to loan approval could have strengthened this component.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition problems experienced by NHA. This required working with provincial governments which have legal responsibility for land matters and going through the difficult experiences in harmonizing national laws and ADB’s policy for social safeguards. An independent consultant engaged under the institutional strengthening project in 2007 identified and presented these issues in a written report.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Additional consideration should have been given to the provision of the following, which addresses problems encountered: engagement of institutional strengthening consulting expertise would have improved project design;

Project Number: 37697-013
Project Name: Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Enhanced microfinance expertise during the inception phase to ensure success of any small loan program;

Project Number: 37697-013
Project Name: Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Enhanced procurement support to assist executing agency and other agencies to improve preparation and management of the ICB bidding process;

Project Number: 37697-013
Project Name: Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More frequent supervision during implementation of gender-related activities would ensure compliance with GAP and monitoring of GAP indicators from the start of the project;

Project Number: 37697-013
Project Name: Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
House connections for water supply and sanitation should be included into project design so that beneficiaries may accrue the full benefits of the built infrastructure; and

Project Number: 37697-013
Project Name: Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Close supervision by executing agency is required to ensure that safeguard policy statement’s requirements for LAR external monitoring and reporting are fully complied with.

Project Number: 37697-013
Project Name: Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Additional consideration should have been given to the provision of the following, which addresses the problems encountered: Future projects can better articulate outcome and impact of urban development to overall inclusive economic development and environmental sustainability of the subregion.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Sustainable Tourism Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The TOR for the project management consultants appeared to focus on training and safeguards monitoring. More technical input should have been included in the TOR to ensure that latest developments in highway design and traffic control technology were included in the highway components and traffic control systems provided.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Xinjiang is a region of the PRC with a high ethnic minority population and high unemployment. Hence, more emphasis should have been placed on improving job creation opportunities for the ethnic minority women. For future projects, greater supervision by ADB and the executing and implementing agencies is needed to ensure compliance to safeguards monitoring and reporting—to maximize project benefits.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In addition to these identified lessons, this validation finds two additional lessons to improve project sustainability: undertake a more detailed financial evaluation of road maintenance funding to determine if financial resources are sufficient—with and without the tolling option, and

Project Number: 41121-043
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor I (Zhambyl Oblast Section) [Western Europe–Western People's Republic of China International Transit Corridor] Investment Program (Tranche 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
the business plan of the operating and maintenance company should be better analyzed to determine the validity of toll revenue assumptions.

Project Number: 41121-043
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor I (Zhambyl Oblast Section) [Western Europe–Western People's Republic of China International Transit Corridor] Investment Program (Tranche 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lessons

Project Number: 37266-032
Project Name: Road Connectivity Sector I Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Consultation for land acquisition is difficult. In the project, two sections (0.5% of the project roads) are not yet completed owing to difficulty in acquiring the land. The NHAI recently adopted a policy that construction procurements will be started only when more than 80% of land acquisition is completed. However, even if this policy had been adopted in the project, the project still might not have resolved the issues it faced. Land acquisition is a difficult issue in India, and lack of careful consultation with landowners can lead to delays in the acquisition of land for roads.

Project Number: 34420-013, 34420-023
Project Name: National Highway Corridor (Sector) I Project
Report Date: