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Lesson
It is important to perform adequate due diligence at appraisal to develop a realistic project schedule that duly considers the borrower's institutional setup and internal review and approval procedures, and the executing agency's existing capacity and prior experience in implementing ADB and/or other development organizations' projects.

Project Number: 43456-023
Project Name: Power Sector Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
As a member of G20 and an integral part of the ASEAN community, Indonesia has an important role to play on the international stage. Hence, national financial sector development should include international and regional considerations. This can be in the form of international requirements or regional standards such as ASEAN corporate governance and ASEAN green bonds standards. This builds the capacity to meet national development goals, the requirements of the international financial system, and regional development agendas.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Predicating a program on the passage of a law should be minimized unless there is strong ownership to pass the law from both the executive and the parliament. Relying on development partners to complete the reform (revision of a law) introduces a risk that performance targets will not be achieved. Development partners may have different priorities and timelines that do not necessarily coincide with the requirements of ADB’s program.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A cross-cutting finance sector program covering financial stability, capital market development, and financial inclusion is viable only in the early stages of development. Initially, this type of engagement is useful for establishing relationships, building trust, and scoping key priority reforms. However, over time, a dedicated program focusing on one subsector or theme is preferable. This would enable ADB to perform comprehensive diagnostics to identify challenges in the subsector, followed by advisory and capacity building support to address these challenges.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Financial stability and capital market development need to be coupled with reforms to increase access to financial services for the poor and thus maximize the economic impact of development. Reforms to increase financial inclusion should be holistic and require complementary reforms in financial literacy, consumer protection, and financial technology. Financial technology provides new opportunities to enhance access, but it also poses its own challenges.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing and equipping an integrated finance sector regulator requires sequenced steps, starting with legislation and encompassing measures to ensure legal and fiscal autonomy, as well as legal immunity for staff. A consolidated master plan with a robust monitoring and reporting framework can serve as an anchor to coordinate and prioritize reforms across the regulator. This is especially relevant for large regulators like OJK, where the risk of silo implementation is significant.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Having experts visit ADB projects and areas of operation may be a sound alternative to sponsoring project staff overseas study tour and training.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Early recruitment of experienced project management consultants and adequate staff training on ADB guidelines and procedures are crucial to the effective implementation of ADB-financed projects by first-time executing and implementing agencies.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Careful estimation of contingencies is essential for the successfulimplementation of long duration project.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A policy risk assessment has to be included in the subproject selection process, with measures adopted to mitigate the identified risks.

Project Number: 44012-013
Project Name: Hebei Energy Efficiency Improvement and Emission Reduction Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government’s inconsistent support to the law enforcement agents in the province, ineffective project grievance redress mechanisms, and lack off effective coordination and consultations within the subnational levels of governments and within BDA to address environment and social issues resulted in landowners allegedly acting unlawfully and harming a project team member.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government frequently fails to meet their timely commitment of project funding assumed at appraisal. However, it is difficult to attach conditionality of ADB funding to the timely contribution of government funding. Therefore, the government’s counterpart shares have been reduced for PNG projects.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Many PNG projects have poor compliance with DMF monitoring due to (i) lack of undertaking baseline studies, (ii) limited measurements of DMF target progress during implementation, and (iii) a lack of BDA who draft and complete a project PCR prior to loan closing. ADB review missions need to monitor these compliance issues more closely and require submission of an updated DMF table prior to each review mission.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Border housing compliance with WSP building and electrical installation standards as well as the apparent substandard quality of this housing highlights the importance of the quality of the construction supervision consultants and BDA’s ability to monitor and manage contracts.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
As the project aimed to achieve development impacts in WSP, BDA and PMO should have had a greater presence in WSP, and a greater involvement with the WSPA as the project was delivered. The location of BDA headquarters in Port Moresby may have limited the rate of development of WSP into a dynamic growth center for PNG.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date: