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Lesson
Appropriate monitoring of project activities promotes timely project implementation and accuracy of project cost variations. It provides an assessment of the range of factors contributing to or potentially constraining the achievement of project results. A robust DMF, with appropriate performance indicators, helps in strengthening the quality of project outputs and outcome. During the midterm review and project restructuring due to scope changes, further improvements to the DMF permits necessary adjustment to project components while keeping the project on track.

Project Number: 29296-013, 29296-023
Project Name: Phuoc Hoa Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strengthening the capacity of executing agencies with limited experience in implementing ADB-financed projects is imperative to support the delivery of project activities. Extending necessary training and capacity building support (e.g., ADB projects administration, procurement procedures, and financial management), through the provision of a technical assistance, can help fill the skills gap in selected executing and implementing agencies.

Project Number: 29296-013, 29296-023
Project Name: Phuoc Hoa Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The importance of project preparation and quality at entry is of utmost importance for similar projects in the future. A better prepared project can reduce issues that may potentially impede implementation at the early stages of implementation.

Project Number: 39321-013
Project Name: Shaanxi Qinling Biodiversity Conservation and Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project experiences have illustrated the potential financial gains from improved environmental management and conservation. The project has demonstrated enhanced coordination in public finance allocation across institutions in charge of the environment and natural resources. Given the likelihood that such operations will grow in the region, the experience of this project will be valuable.

Project Number: 39321-013
Project Name: Shaanxi Qinling Biodiversity Conservation and Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective and efficient implementation of large-scale land acquisition and resettlement activities depends on strong political will and commitment at all levels of government. An executing agency needs to be proactive and initiate close working relationship with local authorities to resolve identified issues on the ground. ADB needs to be kept well informed of major issues. Prior approvals need to be sought from ADB based on established procedures.

Project Number: 41414-043
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Ben Luc –Long Thanh Expressway Project – Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Performing adequate due diligence at appraisal is important to develop a realistic implementation plan and timeframe, considering borrower's and executing agency's capacity across institutional, financial, and operational aspects. Identifying and implementing risk mitigation measures and giving adequate early support is crucial in minimizing delays.

Project Number: 41414-043
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Ben Luc –Long Thanh Expressway Project – Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Single-tranche and stand-alone policy-based programs can be an appropriate instrument to support reforms in fragile states provided that (i) these take place in the context of an ongoing, long-term development partnership; and (ii) there is a demonstrated government commitment to pursue substantial reforms over an extended time frame. Moreover, such programs need to be supported by ongoing capacity development in key agencies. In fragile states, the risks to implementing and sustaining reforms are amplified by external shocks and natural disasters.

Project Number: 52074-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal Sustainability Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The formal government and development partner coordination mechanisms offer the opportunity to reduce transaction costs for all parties and increase the likelihood of a good quality program design and implementation. In the case of Solomon Islands, it utilized a wellestablished coordination mechanism to undertake policy dialogue, to design a program that is responsive to the country’s needs, and to jointly oversee program implementation.

Project Number: 52074-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal Sustainability Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The government’s commitment and ownership strengthen the project’s credibility. Providing timely response and adequate support from start-up to completion are critical in overcoming the implementation difficulties in various occasions. For instance, the PMO’s leadership could have helped ensurethat assistance was provided on time to implementing agencies. This, in turn, would help in easing delays in the procurement activities and implementation of subprojects.

Project Number: 42383-023
Project Name: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project’s medium-term review (MTR provides an opportunity to reassess and modify a project’s DMF, in terms of realistic performance targets, configuration of components and/or outputs, subprojects’ selection, and timeframe of implementation. Project team could strive to review all project’s aspects during an MTR in addition to focusing on project administration and changes in scope.

Project Number: 42383-023
Project Name: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Requiring project performance management system (PPMS) for all urban development-type projects would help enhance the valuation of economic and financial benefits.

Project Number: 45023-002
Project Name: Hubei-Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A systematic benefit analysis appropriately captures and values the diverse benefits from the project investment. Identification, quantification, and valuation of economic and financial benefits are a complex process for urban development projects, and EIRRs and FIRRs are crucially dependent on sound measurement of these benefits.

Project Number: 45023-002
Project Name: Hubei-Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Appropriate formulation of DMF facilitates accurate measurement of project performance and achievements. A clear alignment of data and logical framework on performance targets and indicators conforming to each subproject provides a correct measurement on project’s intended results and overall impact. All impact indicators were focused on Anning, but available data were for either Gansu province or Lanzhou, making it difficult to measure these indicators as required.

Project Number: 40625-013
Project Name: Lanzhou Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The retention of implementing agency and staff until project completion enables timely and smooth implementation of project through continuous staff expertise support and institutional knowledge. If a change of implementing agency is necessary, transition needs to be during a non-critical project implementation period. In this project, the change in implementing agency happened during the critical period when land acquisition, resettlement negotiations, and relocations of underground oil pipeline.

Project Number: 40625-013
Project Name: Lanzhou Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Focusing the development efforts on the very poorest and most backward regions will often result in a more expensive investment with lower economic gains and impact. Investment funds spent on the project could have had a much broader and wider impact if invested in a region with greater development potential. There are regions that are better off with development funding through social assistance and/or transfer payments to ease the poverty situation than investment projects. The latter would be a less technically and economically practical option.

Project Number: 42016-013
Project Name: Qinghai Rural Water Resources Management Project
Report Date: