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Lesson
Unforeseen events outside the control of the executing agency, such as amendments to laws and regulations and changes in decisions, require additional effort, time, and resources—and accordingly, flexibility in the project. This is especially relevant in the context of a country such as Mongolia, which is still transitioning to a market-based economy and rapidly developing, and therefore, frequently introduces new changes to the existing legislation.

Project Number: 41243-012
Project Name: Fourth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects that plan to introduce systemic reforms require more time for advocating new concepts, building consensus, and overcoming the institutional interests of stakeholders. This was the case with the establishment of the Medicines Regulatory Authority, for which thegovernment spent nearly 10 years.

Project Number: 41243-012
Project Name: Fourth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The program proved to be a timely and effective means of channeling support to the government. Designed with coordinated support from various development partners,the government-led program, was coherent and relevant and delivered most of its intended outputs and outcomes. Several performance Indicators had specific Gender targets, which supported the government’s efforts to deliver on its commitment to women’s empowerment during a period when women were disproportionately affected by the impacts of the pandemic.

Project Number: 54188-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program design and implementation benefited greatly from advisory support provided to the Department of Finance and Administration by the regional social protection TA funded by ADB in calibrating Social Protection Program measures. Financial and economic management, however, were hampered by gaps in statistics, notably on tax data.

Project Number: 54309-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The One ADB review mechanism that supported program and/or project processing under the COVID-19 Pandemic Response Option (CPRO) was effective in facilitating quick access by DMCs to emergency support from ADB. The CPRO policy and guidelines were still being developed while the program was under preparation, and managing changing internal guidance and expectations added significant pressure. Neverthelesss, program preparation efficiency gains from the One ADB review mechanism were widely experienced.

Project Number: 54309-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It might be better for performance-based maintenance (PBM) contracts to be integrated into the civil works contracts to expedite its adoption in future projects. Procurement of a separate contract, particularly a PBM contract, for post-construction maintenance after completion of the civil works contracts is a major concern for any government agency as it involves various channels and processes for seeking internal government approvals.

Project Number: 49125-001
Project Name: Second Jharkhand State Road Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Instituting a dedicated project account can instill cash flow discipline and ensure the exclusive use of payments for the project thus avoiding cash flow problems that can hinder work progress. Contractors in road construction projects in India generally face cash flow issues while executing the project because the funds they receive are diverted from the project to other purposes. This disrupts progress.

Project Number: 49125-001
Project Name: Second Jharkhand State Road Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A timely and amicable settlement of disagreements between the executing agency and consultants and/or contractors should be worked out to the extent possible to avoid court cases and minimize the associated costs. The executing agency (EA) terminated the contract of the consultant for institutional capacity development on grounds of performance. As a result, both parties presented arguments to the dispute board and the matter is under the purview of Honorable High Court of Jharkhand.

Project Number: 49125-001
Project Name: Second Jharkhand State Road Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Equipment to be provided by projects should be properly allocated and based on recipient needs. The distribution of equipment in some cases was not adequate for local disaster risks. For example, blowers were provided to all aimags including Govi-Altai where the risk of steppe and forest fires is low. In contrast, because of the high risk of forest fires in the area, Khuvsgul would have been provided more equipment such as blowers and forest fire extinguisher.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong community support is better assured through collaboration with local groups. Even in baghs (subdistricts) where shelters were not constructed, community support was strong because of the BNGs established by the project. Community ties nurtured through the BNGs have resulted in knowledge exchange, responsibility-sharing among the herders, and efficient use of BNG revolving funds and disaster risk reduction equipment and tools. BNGs organized various activities that benefited the whole community, such as road repairs and fence-building new fences.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Small-scale infrastructure can have an added value. The construction of livestock shelters and wells increased agricultural production and reduced livestock losses for many households. The results of this activity inspired other BNGs to build disaster-resilient infrastructure using their own resources. During the project completion review fieldwork missions, local residents expressed gratitude and gave positive feedback on the benefits they received.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporation of experiences and lessons from local and global good practices strengthens the design of projects.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Continued engagement with the government on macroeconomic and structural reforms will maximize program benefits. This program was an integral part of ADB’s overall country support activities and backed the government’s strong commitment to state-owned enterprise reform and structural macroeconomic reform. Particularly through technical assistance to strengthen economic management, it supported macroeconomic stability, sustained growth, and project preparation.

Project Number: 54160-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The ambitiousness of goals should be balanced with the availability of data and capacity to quickly augment more granular data collection. Data disaggregated by sex and age of end-recipients are often not available at the time of project preparation and this was the case with this program. Even after effectiveness and during implementation, only limited new data were prepared by the government. Systems were lacking to collect such data.

Project Number: 54160-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critical for a Gender equity theme project to have a Gender specialist on board to monitor and ensure the attainment of all Gender action plan (GAP) targets. GAP monitoring was the responsibility of the project implementation unit, with support from social development specialists hired by the project implementation consultant. The project implementation consultancy ended in April 2015; after which the government was to fund the engagement of a social development specialist. The position was not filled due to lack of funds, resulting in reduced GAP monitoring and assessment.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
Report Date: