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Lesson
Apart from offering concessional interest rates,ADB and China National Investment and Guaranty Corporation (I&G) could explore providing enhanced value-added services for ongoing and future financial intermediation loan initiatives in air quality improvement or climate change programs. The global economic slowdown dampened enthusiasm for green investments, while the rise in euro interest rates and the reduction of yuan lending rates since 2022 presented additional challenges for green financing eligible subprojects within the greater Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region.

Project Number: 50096-002
Project Name: Air Quality Improvement in the Greater Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region—China National Investment and Guaranty Corporation’s Green Financing Platform Project
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Lesson
Procurement should be exhaustive. Developing a procurement strategy with proper analysis of market availability, operating environment, including capacity assessments of executing and implementing agencies, and risk management will help the project achieve its intended results in a timely manner. Where a project requires participation of government-owned universities or research centers, attention should be paid at project appraisal to para. 1.13 (c) of ADB’s Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2013, as amended from time to time).

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
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Lesson
Sound project design requires adequate technical input and open communication with key participants and/or stakeholders. Greater technical input was necessary to appraise the government’s proposed components during project preparation. Specifically, the design flaws in output 2, credit lines for biogas value chains and other climate-smart agriculture waste management investments, would have been avoided if the processing team had access to livestock, environmental, and institutional specialists with appropriate country knowledge to support the financial management specialist.

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Research activities must be undertaken early in project implementation. Where research is needed to guide the introduction of new technologies, such research is better undertaken in advance of a project so that results can be incorporated in the project design. In this project, the 5-year project time frame was too short in undertaking research, evaluating results, and effecting replication. This time frame was further exacerbated by denying the participation of government-owned research institutes in the research program.

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Due diligence on project procurement should be improved to ensure that contract packaging, contracting methods, and standard bidding documents are defined to suit the needs and capacities of the EA and IAs, to avoid changes and noncompliance during implementation.

Project Number: 40682-013
Project Name: Integrated Renewable Biomass Energy Development Sector Project
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Lesson
In terms of primary counterpart selection for project implementation in biogas use, the National Energy Administration should have had a leading role. It possesses the technological know-how on biogas use in rural areas to guide and demonstrate policy commitment to achieving the renewable energy targets at both county and provincial levels.

Project Number: 40682-013
Project Name: Integrated Renewable Biomass Energy Development Sector Project
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Lesson
The implementation arrangement for the project was complicated. It particularly affected project progress when minor scope changes were needed, as four provinces had to be coordinated, as well as the secretariats of the GEF and the CEFPF on issues concerning the two grants. The government’s divisional counterparts for the ADB loan, the GEF grant, and the CEFPF grant were also different, and a lengthy coordination procedure was required for each change to the project or the grants.

Project Number: 40682-013
Project Name: Integrated Renewable Biomass Energy Development Sector Project
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Lesson
Wind energy has a strong potential in Bhutan.

Project Number: 42252-022
Project Name: Rural Renewable Energy Development Project
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Lesson
Sustaining gender mainstreaming in the energy sector of Bhutan requires a broad range of actions.

Project Number: 42252-022
Project Name: Rural Renewable Energy Development Project
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Lesson
More innovative approaches are needed to attract women to become village technicians and be part of the energy sector of Bhutan.

Project Number: 42252-022
Project Name: Rural Renewable Energy Development Project
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Lesson
A detailed technical assessment of the areas that could not be connected to the grid is essential to determining the viability of off-grid solar home systems.

Project Number: 42252-022
Project Name: Rural Renewable Energy Development Project
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Lesson
Structures that ensure appropriate flow of information facilitate prompt responses to implementation issues.

Project Number: 42252-022
Project Name: Rural Renewable Energy Development Project
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Lesson
Policy action recommendations need to be backed by adequate technical and economic due diligence, including feasibility studies.

Project Number: 49232-001
Project Name: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Air Quality Improvement-Hebei Policy Reforms Program
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Lesson
A realistic policy framework with manageable policy actions is needed to implement air quality reforms.

Project Number: 49232-001
Project Name: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Air Quality Improvement-Hebei Policy Reforms Program
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Lesson
Strong commitment and coordination among development partners make the attainment of policy reforms more feasible.

Project Number: 49232-001
Project Name: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Air Quality Improvement-Hebei Policy Reforms Program
Report Date: