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Lesson
It is important for Indonesia to focus on improving the procedures to enable micro, small, and medium enterprises—the basis of the Indonesian economy—not only to start a business but also to expand the existing ones

Project Number: 48134-001, 48134-006, 48134-007
Project Name: Stepping Up Investments for Growth Acceleration Program (Subprograms 1, 2, and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
With the government’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic severely affecting MSMEs, risks from further implications and possible pandemics in the future need more attention in the program’s assessment moving forward.

Project Number: 48134-001, 48134-006, 48134-007
Project Name: Stepping Up Investments for Growth Acceleration Program (Subprograms 1, 2, and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Rebuilding model schools provides opportunities to demonstrate their usefulness to the larger school program and to communities particularly in building disaster-resilient schools, and to develop knowledge and skills in disaster risk management. It also provides a space for greater social inclusion and increased ownership as local authorities and communities are mobilized for rebuilding and reconstruction.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
Subsidized credit when sourced from a grant may be used as an immediate and emergency response to the financing needs of those severely affected by disaster. However, it is not sustainable over time when grant funds are no longer available. It is basically a stop gap measure in an emergency. There are costs to the delivery of financial services that need to be considered in product pricing to help financial institutions sustain their operations and continue serving targeted households. These institutions need to price their loan products to allow for full cost recovery.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
Design flexibility is essential in the smooth implementation of an emergency response project. It allows the executing agency and project teams to make necessary changes in the project scope and helps in the alignment of project activities with the realities on the ground. The preparation of technical design and approval processes for an emergency assistance project needs to be developed on time to meet the immediate needs of households and communities for recovery.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation of government’s priorities. Involving the provincial and district levels and strengthening their capacity to identify and address the local needs reflected the government’s Sam Sang initiative, giving provinces and the districts more responsibilities and authorities. The reforms offered an opportunity to effectively apply the new policy, resulting in a strong government support for HSGP. ADB’s capacity-building activities at the provincial level in previous health projects provided useful experience to better target technical support at all levels.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Understanding and addressing the needs of all those involved in the sector. The health system requires two types of personnel: (i) health services providers; and (ii) administrative personnel responsible for planning, budgeting, resource allocation, and monitoring. Both need to be involved.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The implementation arrangements ensured that the provincial health offices, as implementing agencies, were stakeholders of the reforms. Rather than simply following instructions from the center, the provinces were involved in the program, better understood the reform objectives, and supported the implementation of the HSRS.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Intersector coordination. ADB involvement in the financial sector facilitated dialogue with and support from the MOF and ensured better harmonization of the financial systems from different sectors. This support from one key sector, for instance, reinforced effectiveness of the reforms and is likely to enhance the sustainability of the program.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Better data and information. A better use of more accurate data for planning and budgeting by newly trained personnel at the central, provincial, and district levels could have significantly improved allocative efficiency in the health sector, enabling better targeted policies and activities in operational and development plans.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
For a sector such as ICT, with limited skills, expertise, and private sector involvement especially in a small country, project financing provides an opportunity for development banks, such as ADB, to leverage its development objectives. These include promoting private sector participation, improving public service delivery, and strengthening institutions. Infrastructure projects are only a means to achieve development outcomes and impacts. This is a principle that most infrastructure project designs could be based on.

Project Number: 38347-022
Project Name: Tonga–Fiji Submarine Cable Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Close coordination with other development banks, such as the World Bank, the government’s clear infrastructure priorities and plan, and its good relationship with a neighboring country is crucial to ensure project readiness, availability of funds, and timely implementation of the project.

Project Number: 38347-022
Project Name: Tonga–Fiji Submarine Cable Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important that the TA is appropriately designed to support the delivery of expected outputs and that it is implemented in a timely manner. The program demonstrated the role of a well-designed TA in supporting completion of reforms across the three subprograms and building capacity of the implementing agency. It is also essential that the timing of activities is aligned with the sequencing of policy actions so as not to undermine the achievement of outputs.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The continuous longer-term involvement of the same mission leader and other qualified ADB staff from the design stage until the end of implementation of the three subprograms is important to the success of this program. Familiarity with local institutional challenges and personnel in the government is important for a complex reform program such as this one to achieve progress.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The importance of a comprehensive strategic framework that broadens and deepens financial inclusion based on robust diagnostics and analytical work. The rationale for reform and policy actions are to be drawn from these diagnostics, and actions are prioritized and sequenced in addressing the constraints and bottlenecks. Regulatory constraints, institutional capacity limitations, deficiencies in technology infrastructure, and extent of financial literacy need to be clearly identified and assessed based on the analytical work.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date: