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Lesson
All the output and activity requirements to achieve planned outcomes need to be identified and mapped out in a clear implementation plan with well-defined targets and a definite timeframe. The original project design overlooked securing donor funding as a key output for establishing the Facility. The proposed timeline for stakeholder consultations was overly optimistic.

Project Number: 54344-001
Project Name: Supporting the Establishment of a CAREC Regional Infrastructure Projects Enabling Facility
Report Date:
Lesson
Construction timelines in climate-affected areas need to be reliably assessed to minimize completion delays. The construction timelines for Karamyk BCP, located at altitude of 2,300 meters above sea level, were tight. The contractor faced various issues due to the harsh weather, electricity supply interruptions, and delays with the supply of materials and equipment. Combined with the contractor’s relatively low financial capacity, this resulted in a 4-year construction period versus the originally planned 15-month implementation timeline.

Project Number: 46124-001
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Regional Improvement of Border Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Trade facilitation reforms and national single window (NSW) development are complex undertakings requiring much time to be completed. This project's timelines were very ambitious with regard to the NSW component given that it required institutional and regulatory reforms; business process reengineering across multiple government agencies; as well as design, development, and integration of the SWIS.

Project Number: 46124-001
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Regional Improvement of Border Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government’s internal approval processes need to be carefully considered when designing and implementing a policy reform program. In Viet Nam, the consensus-building approach to policymaking requires significant time and coordination, particularly for policies that would entail changes to the legal framework. The process for amending laws is a significant constraint, as the lawmaking cycle usually takes 5 years. Inadequate consideration of these features of policymaking and lawmaking in Viet Nam could lead to unrealistic program schedules.

Project Number: 49331-001
Project Name: Financial Sector Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Well planned and logically sequenced policy actions are crucial to maximizing impact of reform programs and ensuring the sustainability of reforms.

Project Number: 54271-001, 54271-002
Project Name: Fiscal Resilience and Social Protection Support Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Outcome indicators that do not measure the achievement of outcomes and that are only indirectly linked to the desired outcomes weaken the attainment of objectives.

Project Number: 51059-001, 51059-002
Project Name: Improved Fiscal and Infrastructure
Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Identifying sequenced delivery dates when there are numerous output targets is helpful to ensure on-time completion of the TA project. This TA project was highly complex given the many topics and agencies involved. Planning out, and meeting, the sequenced activity plans appeared to be helpful in keeping the TA project on track.

Project Number: 50017-001
Project Name: Supporting Financial Sector Development and Stability
Report Date:
Lesson
When there are diverse TA outputs to deliver, the use of individual consultants can be more efficient than the use of a single firm. Engaging a single firm to cover the wide range of outputs in this TA project would have been time_x005F_x0002_consuming, both to identify the firm and to achieve the appointment of the firm, which would have reduced the time available to deliver the TA project components.

Project Number: 50017-001
Project Name: Supporting Financial Sector Development and Stability
Report Date:
Lesson
Phased approaches to implementation can help ensure that TA resources are not wasted while waiting for regional agreement on key issues needed to move forward.

Project Number: 50055-001
Project Name: Creating a Regional Settlement Intermediary in ASEAN+3: Cross-Border Settlement Infrastructure Forum
Report Date:
Lesson
it is difficult to predict the timing need to reach regional agreements. Thus, flexibility during implementation to extend TA duration is important.

Project Number: 50055-001
Project Name: Creating a Regional Settlement Intermediary in ASEAN+3: Cross-Border Settlement Infrastructure Forum
Report Date:
Lesson
This is a useful lesson learned. Ensuring a clear implementation structure and limiting the number of implementing agencies help avoid implementation delays and changes to outputs.

Project Number: 48040-001
Project Name: Export- and Innovation-Led Industrial Development
Report Date:
Lesson
There is often a time lag between the design and implementation phases of a TA. Therefore, it is important for TAs to be implemented with adequate flexibility to address the needs of the executing and implementing agency, which may evolve during the implementation period. While it is desirable to consider the selection, method designed in the TA, minor changes in implementation arrangements should be allowed, particularly at the latter stages of TA implementation.

Project Number: 45396-001
Project Name: Enhancing the Regulatory Framework of Financial Sector Development and Oversight
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR could have further discussed the benefits or disadvantages of having government agencies as local partners, such as the Policy Research Bureau of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, facilitate workshop organization and implementation.

Project Number: 53140-001
Project Name: Developing Accountability and Mechanism Framework for Financial Intermediaries
Report Date:
Lesson
Infrastructure development requires substantial preparedness and investment in both time and money. Particularly, a cross_x005F_x0002_border project would require more time and efforts than a national project for coordination among different jurisdictions, thus, planning and implementation arrangement would require flexibility. In addition, rapid advancement in technology would affect IT architecture design, thus, additional flexibility as well as wider involvement of various stakeholders would be desirable.

Project Number: 50055-001
Project Name: Creating a Regional Settlement Intermediary in ASEAN+3: Cross-Border Settlement Infrastructure Forum
Report Date:
Lesson
Stronger coordination among the ADB teams and divisions in the TA design phase is paramount to ensure timeliness and stronger policy coherence with the activities of ADB’s regional cooperation program (e.g., CAREC workshop/conference).

Project Number: 48472-001
Project Name: Promotion of Environmentally Sustainable Infrastructure Investment in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date: