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Lesson
A need to define more realistic indicators that consider government commitment and capacity to undertake reforms and a timetable to achieve intended results and causal linkages between intended outcome and impact, with expected results having appropriate linkages with policy actions. Most of MPRMP’s policy actions were complied with but many of the outcome and output indicators and targets were not realized. The indicators/targets for development impact were achieved although the outcome and outputs were not met.

Project Number: 41607-013
Project Name: Mizoram Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A more proper design of the TA component and a firm-based consultancy recommended at appraisal along with a more realistic budget. DOF and SGD should have strengthened their procurement capacity prior to the TA loan and this could have been a condition for the release of the tranche 1 funds given that it was their first large ADB-fund project. Although this was recognized, it was thought that such a risk could have been mitigated through the capacity building provided under the TA loan.

Project Number: 41607-013
Project Name: Mizoram Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Reform prioritization and sequencing could lead to more durable results. A steady, step-by-step pace of reforms may be more suitable in the Tongan context, given prevailing capacity constraints. The process of implementing reforms takes time, especially for reforms that require specialized skills, such as those in PFM and those that are structural in nature; these types of reforms take time to implement and cannot be completed by a single quick-disbursing stand-alone program.

Project Number: 43152-012
Project Name: Economic Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Limited capacity of government staff should be considered in designing reform programs. The 34 policy actions for a crisis response operation stretched out the government’s capacity in absorbing a substantial reform agenda. Constraints to capacity were reflected in the delays in complying with the policy actions, in particular with the policy action on financial ratios, which resulted in waiver of this action.

Project Number: 43152-012
Project Name: Economic Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate macroeconomic analysis and policy dialogue are essential to the sound formulation and quick mobilization of stakeholder support for an emergency economic response package under ADB's Countercylical Support Facility (CSF).

Project Number: 49083-001
Project Name: Countercyclical Support
Report Date:
Lesson
Instead of internally negotiating for the CSF loan to exceed the $500 million cap for each member country, an additional parallel programmatic support should have been explored by the project team to facilitate the quick processing and release of emergency budget support to Kazakhstan.

Project Number: 49083-002
Project Name: Countercyclical Support
Report Date:
Lesson
TA support is important. If a TA grant is not directly provided to support reform implementation, it is important to link reforms to existing areas of technical assistance. ADB helped support SOE reforms before and after grant release, so there was existing support in the area, which would continue after the PBL. The program also benefited from the government and development partners creating a joint policy matrix, which listed a series of policy actions that preceded grant release and supported a post-partnership framework.

Project Number: 47314-001
Project Name: Kiribati: Strengthening Fiscal Stability Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Joint donor support in a small country can provide a significant incentive for reform. Joint support provides an incentive because of its potential significance in overall GDP. Nevertheless, it is still important that reform is country-owned. In Kiribati, the government could see the cost of maintaining its existing fiscal policy because of its negative impact on the RERF, so the external shock also provided an incentive to reform.

Project Number: 47314-001
Project Name: Kiribati: Strengthening Fiscal Stability Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Limit the policy matrix to a few critical actions. While Kiribati had an incentive to reform, the country also has limited reform capacity. It needs to focus on a few critical actions and to be clear on the development outcome of each prior action, including identifying an indicator that can be monitored. The requirement where the five largest SOEs were to submit audited accounts may have underestimated the institutional capacity that was required to achieve it.

Project Number: 47314-001
Project Name: Kiribati: Strengthening Fiscal Stability Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Clarity between the policy matrix and the DMF is important for monitoring and evaluating results. A clear line between the prior actions and the overall development outcome is important so that the program achievements can be judged consistently.

Project Number: 47314-001
Project Name: Kiribati: Strengthening Fiscal Stability Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Diagnostics play an important role in the successful implementation of policy reforms.

Project Number: 48044-001, 48044-004, 48044-005
Project Name: Improving Domestic Resource Mobilization for Inclusive Growth Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Gradual and complex reforms require simultaneous activities and flexibility to manage bottlenecks.

Project Number: 48044-001, 48044-004, 48044-005
Project Name: Improving Domestic Resource Mobilization for Inclusive Growth Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The difficulty of getting good specialists to work on a long−term basis in remote areas such as Mizoram has to be considered in procurement packaging and consultant remuneration.

Project Number: 41607-015
Project Name: Mizoram Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Procurement capacity building is a must for first−time executing agencies (EAs) of ADB−assisted projects.

Project Number: 41607-016
Project Name: Mizoram Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective and viable political economy analysis is required to improve the design of reform programs and identify and mitigate risks.

Project Number: 41607-013
Project Name: Mizoram Public Resource Management Program
Report Date: