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Lesson
The unilateral withdrawal of a relatively large amount of cofinancing by Danida (around 50% of the total amount allocated for the rural access component) after project approval considerably delayed implementation and created difficulties in meeting project objectives and targets. The cofinancing was unfortunately a condition of loan effectiveness. The project was declared effective in October 2002, after the cofinancing condition was declared void.

Project Number: 32467-013
Project Name: Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Where WUAs are expected to participate in designing irrigation and drainage schemes, it is important that they be established in advance of the design process to ensure ownership.

Project Number: 32494-023
Project Name: Agriculture Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project schedule was unrealistic for a complex project that relied heavily on existing capacity and several up-front conditions before the subproject investments. The scheduling of complex sector and policy loan projects has to be improved and streamlined on the basis of actual implementation experience.

Project Number: 27182-013
Project Name: North-West Frontier Province Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government's approval process and processing time should have been carefully assessed during project preparation and reflected in the project schedule.

Project Number: 33165-013
Project Name: Yellow River Flood Management (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The consultants under the loan were hired through quality- and cost-based selectio (QCBS). The staff remuneration in the bids was inadequate for good-quality staff. The level of effort and the skill set specified in the request for proposal (RFP) also did not match the complexity of the assignment. Similar issues encumbered the RFP for the nongovernment organizations (NGOs), allowing generally weak firms to submit bids that could not fully appreciate the tasks ahead.

Project Number: 27182-013
Project Name: North-West Frontier Province Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The use of a credit line was an effective implementation modality. Significant advantages from longer loan periods, grace periods, and fixed interest rates during a period of high and rising interest rates and markedly lower capital availability supplied a definite demand. The use of fixed interest rates during the current period of declining interest rates has, however, increased the requests for early repayment.

Project Number: 34023-012
Project Name: Plantation Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project was initiated and prepared in 1999-2000, only 2 years after the signing of the Peace Accord, ending 25 years of insurgency and instability. Many high-risk incidents during project implementation could therefore be expected. The executing and implementing agencies had just been established, and their institutional capacity to implement projects was still being developed and strengthened.

Project Number: 32467-013
Project Name: Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project design offered flexibility in developing models for community and private sector participation in the delivery of urban services, without providing a clear framework or adequate resources for these activities. Flexibility is important in the design of sector loans, but for this flexibility to be effectively used, additional capacity, a guiding framework, and resources should be included in the sector loan, with supporting technical assistance for project administration to guide the use of the resources.

Project Number: 27182-013
Project Name: North-West Frontier Province Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Delays were avoidable if the project preparatory technical assistance (PPTA) financing percentages had been retained. During the loan appraisal and negotiation phase, the recommended financing percentages of the PPTA of 70% ADB-30% regional plantation company (RPC) for social amenities and 90% ADB-10% RPC for the social development programs were adjusted to 50% ADB-50% RPC, resulting in RPCs not participating. Given the weak balance sheets and the lack of profitability, the desire for greater ownership through increased financial contribution was inconsistent.

Project Number: 34023-012
Project Name: Plantation Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Before the project, microfinance was nearly absent in the rural areas of the CHT. The project introduced a relatively sustainable microfinance arrangement through local NGOs. Despite the existence of the other project providing grant assistance, the microfinance facilities under the ADB project are gradually expanding to meet demand in remote communities.

Project Number: 32467-013
Project Name: Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Engaging local expertise to undertake the survey and design of works expedites implementation, reduces costs associated with engaging international and national consultants for the purpose, provides the government with continuing access to project-relevant expertise, and builds national capacity for future projects.

Project Number: 32494-023
Project Name: Agriculture Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Selection of nongovernment agencies (NGOs) at appraisal would have ensured timely implementation of the project. Given the community mobilization as a prerequisite for all interventions, and the problem of political interference in selection of NGOs through competitive bidding, single-source selection at appraisal should be preferred.

Project Number: 29586-013
Project Name: North-West Frontier Province Barani Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Detailed design engineers and supervision and implementation consultants should be recruited in advance of project approval, to increase project readiness. The project implementation schedule should be realistic.

Project Number: 34234-013
Project Name: Rural Area Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For the village flood protection component, local governments committed funding for constructing infrastructure and houses for poor people. However, their revenue fell with the abolition of taxes on agriculture. Local governments' capability to raise funds should have been carefully investigated, taking into account possible risks.

Project Number: 33165-013
Project Name: Yellow River Flood Management (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project did not provide market-based salaries. Good staff was therefore hard to retain and turnover was high. This was a major reason for project failure. The overall cost implications of paying professional managers market-based salaries are marginal, especially when the substantial impact of weak capacities on project output and outcomes is considered, as this project demonstrated.

Project Number: 27182-013
Project Name: North-West Frontier Province Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date: