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Lesson
The three-step approach of feasibility studies, detailed engineering design, and ensuing project through separate and sequential financing modalities helps in country partnership strategy, programming dialogue, and long-term engagement. The TA has proven this approach to be effective in achieving technical, safeguards, procurement, and implementation readiness in the ensuing project.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project readiness and advance contractung and retroactive financing facilitate successful and timely project completion. Project readiness—in terms of technical, financial, and safeguards readiness—was effectively undertaken, thereby facilitating smooth project implementation. The use of advance contracting and retroactive financing likewise helped enable the completion of all project activities by the original loan closing date.

Project Number: 47047-002
Project Name: Shandong Groundwater Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Climate risks such as monsoon and weather conditions need to be considered in drawing up implementation schedules.

Project Number: 38412-013, 38412-023, 38412-033, 43069-012
Project Name: Assam Integrated Flood and Riverbank Erosion Risk Management Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2; and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Creativity in implementing subprojects to minimize safeguards issues is critical in avoiding major delays. This was demonstrated in the redesign of irrigation canals and the installation of a box culvert in one of the project sites.

Project Number: 44328-013
Project Name: Uplands Irrigation and Water Resources Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Additional ADB support for safeguard implementation should be anticipated for future projects in which the executing and imoplagencies have no prior experience in ESMS. ADB environmental safeguard support was comprehensive for project preparation but less so for project implementation. This was due to a range of factors, which contributed to reduced guidance for the review of subproject safeguard categorization, draft safeguard documents, and support for the implementing agencies.

Project Number: 47046-002
Project Name: Gansu Featured Agriculture and Financial Services System Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It would be best for ADB to review all subprojects classified as category B for the environment in all future financial intermediation loans. The ESMS criteria defining the number and types of subprojects to be reviewed by ADB resulted in the submission of only 11 sample subprojects and one IEE to ADB for review. The criteria were originally designed to balance the need for an adequate ADB review and guidance with the practical need to avoid reviewing a very large number of subprojects.

Project Number: 47046-002
Project Name: Gansu Featured Agriculture and Financial Services System Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important for future projects to exhaust options to finance a certified institute to prepare IEEs. The project management office's initiative to use a project implementation consultant to prepare the IEEs for category B subprojects was a pragmatic solution to fulfill ESMS requirements and reduce the financial burden on subborrowers. Nonetheless, this approach may have contributed to the suboptimal quality of the IEEs and added to the consultant’s intended key roles, i.e., project oversight, training, monitoring, and reporting.

Project Number: 47046-002
Project Name: Gansu Featured Agriculture and Financial Services System Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects should provide room for any kind of response from affected people, businesses, and other entities. The risk of delayed LAR was envisaged at project preparation, and mitigation measures were developed and implemented. Still, unexpected requests or demands were raised by project-affected people and businesses, leading to 51 complaints filed on issues such as compensation standards, physical quantity of demolition, and compensation amount.

Project Number: 45506-002
Project Name: Gansu Jiuquan Integrated Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR lesson is not clearly articulated as a lesson. In finalizing this validation report, the NRM rephrased the lesson and provided additional information: ADB’s continuing support remains essential in pursuing policy reforms and building government capacity in project implementation. A TA for $500,000 under the Food Safety and Agriculture Commercialization Program will support the government in meeting the second tranche policy actions.

Project Number: 48218-007
Project Name: Support for Value Chain Development under the Nepal Agriculture Development Strategy
Report Date:
Lesson
Having a very successful and efficient small-scale TA activity that fulfills the needs of country partners and sets the stage for long-term strategic planning can catalyze subsequent larger-scale investments that scale-up and more fully implement the TA inputs. With a relatively short duration (implemented over approximately 19 months), and a modest budget ($0.42 million USD disbursed), the TA successfully provided important TA support for the country partners. Following the completion of the TA, the country partners were interested in a follow-up project.

Project Number: 50012-001
Project Name: Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources
Report Date:
Lesson
More feedback—provided by the EAER beyond the information provided in the TCR—stated that from central to local provinces, the GEP was widely adopted through either domestic finance or other development partners’ support.

Project Number: 48469-001
Project Name: Developing Gross Ecosystem Product Accounting for Eco-Compensation
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB financed at least two TA projects that are aligned with this TA, potentially indicating a form of follow-on financing. One lesson here could be that ADB broadly believed in the validity of the approach and was aiming to sustain and strengthen it through additional TAs. This, however, requires further information to confirm it.

Project Number: 48469-001
Project Name: Developing Gross Ecosystem Product Accounting for Eco-Compensation
Report Date:
Lesson
Strategies and plans supported by the TA project should include an assessment of the financial and resource implications of proposed reforms and or new institutional changes, and recommendations on strategies for financing the proposals. These plans, policies and/or strategies should include mechanisms for ongoing M&E of financing during implementation of any institutional changes proposed under the TA project.

Project Number: 46257-001
Project Name: Strengthening Integrated Water Resources Management in Mountainous River Basins
Report Date:
Lesson
It may be possible for the private sector to finance a scale-up and expansion (e.g., through sponsorship of conferences) if this sector perceives some profit or other incentives to participate.

Project Number: 48469-001
Project Name: Developing Gross Ecosystem Product Accounting for Eco-Compensation
Report Date:
Lesson
Other countries that have similar issues could cofinance knowledge-sharing events to learn valuable lessons for their own countries’ policies and practices.

Project Number: 48469-001
Project Name: Developing Gross Ecosystem Product Accounting for Eco-Compensation
Report Date: