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Lesson
Close consultation with stakeholders during project design and implementation is especially needed to address the difficulties commonly arising from finding appropriate sites for solid waste and medical waste management facilities in urban projects. Due to lack of land and higher costs of construction than estimated at appraisal, it was not possible to construct the integrated waste treatment facilities, slaughterhouses, and medical waste management facilities planned under this program. These components were eventually dropped.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program 
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Lesson
Close coordination among key stakeholders is especially required in complex and large-scale projects. Bolstered by strong partnership with and regular involvement and oversight from ADB, the executing agency and the project implementation unit’s professional and technical staff would have contributed to the delivery of the intended outcome and outputs. Professional and technical support was particularly important as the municipality of Ulaanbaatar MUB lack in capacity to effectively manage and coordinate the program.

Project Number: 39256-024
Project Name: Urban Transport Development Investment Program Imultitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 1)
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Lesson
Community engagement facilitates good implementation. Proactive measures were implemented to coordinate with agencies and all stakeholders, communicate with the public, and address their grievances. The Jaipur Metro Rail Corporation, one of the two executing agencies, maintained a complaint register at the site for local people to register their grievance.

Project Number: 46417-001
Project Name: Jaipur Metro Rail Line 1-Phase B Project
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Lesson
Technical guidance on handling heritage sites and preserving historical artifacts is critical during construction. The project engaged heritage experts to manage the preservation of the heritage sites. The experts conducted a baseline study on the heritage structures in the project site and regular monitoring of the heritage structures during construction and provided technical guidance on integrating heritage features into the overall project design. The project was successful in managing the civil works in the locale of valuable heritage sites and preserving

Project Number: 46417-001
Project Name: Jaipur Metro Rail Line 1-Phase B Project
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Lesson
Participation fosters strong beneficiary ownership of projects. This project encouraged the participation of local communities and other stakeholders from the planning stage and throughout implementation. This active participation enhanced project ownership by the beneficiaries. As revealed by the post completion survey, the project has retained this community support.

Project Number: 40190-023
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project
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Lesson
Monitoring and evaluation is crucial to continually improving program design. ADB has provided valuable support to impact evaluations of the Philippines' CCT program since 2010. These have helped identify progress as well as challenges requiring attention. For example, the lack of impact on children’s immunization rates requires revisiting the health conditionalities for all CCT beneficiary children. Similarly, reported school attendance rates remain high without necessarily being affected by the program.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
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Lesson
Incomplete registration and compliance monitoring and unjustified ceilings on the number of eligible beneficiaries can limit the outreach and transformative potential of conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs. Unde the Philippines' CCT, all target beneficiaries and children within 4Ps households should be registered and monitored.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
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Lesson
Continued investment in policy dialogue is essential to ensure sustainability and the best resilience outcomes for the country. The policy actions identified in the program’s policy matrix, as well as future target actions identified in the follow-on program’s post-program policy framework, provide an opportunity to further strengthen DRM in Palau and to identify gaps and needs for future support in DRM. The program initiated a long-term policy dialogue with Palau for ADB assistance for DRM.

Project Number: 52018-001
Project Name: Disaster Resilience Program
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Lesson
The success of the program highlights the importance of the government’s continuing commitment to improve disaster risk management (DRM), including disaster preparedness and response. Adopting a country-led set of policy actions, developed in an open, participatory manner, ensured strong ownership and commitment from the government and reinforced policy dialogue and coordination with various stakeholders.

Project Number: 52018-001
Project Name: Disaster Resilience Program
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Lesson
Donor and implementing agency collaboration is critical to the successful implementation of the sectoral, build back better approach to disaster reconstruction. Even while the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade was separately managing its own bilateral funding and reconstruction works in another area of the Nuku’alofa electricity network, the planning and technical teams for this project and that of the ministry worked in close collaboration to ensure that the civil works in both areas were meeting quality standards and target timelines.

Project Number: 52129-001
Project Name: Cyclone Gita Recovery Project
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Lesson
Extensive stakeholder consultations help enhance project designs and project readiness. Due to disparaties between actual and appraisal conditions, design changes were required during implementation. These changes prompted revisions in bill of quantities and procurement of materials as well as in technical approaches. The revisions required lengthy approval processes, resulting in reduced scope and cancellation of some subprojects. Replacement subprojects likewise caused delays and even ended Maharashtra state’s participation in project 2.

Project Number: 40156-013, 40156-033
Project Name: Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program - Tranche 2 and MFF
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Lesson
Sustained capacity building and participation are important to strengthening the knowledge and awareness of various stakeholders on their roles in coastal protection and in prioritizing investments.

Project Number: 40156-013, 40156-033
Project Name: Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program - Tranche 2 and MFF
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Lesson
Consider alternative and locally appropriate strategies for community involvement. Community involvement in project implementation was minimal due to the lengthy registration procedures for shoreline management organization (SMOs). The planned roles for community members in SMOs should have been tailored to community members’ capacity and experience.The capacity of stakeholders to understand the complex coastal process and the coast’s dynamic nature could have been more carefully considered in planning community roles.

Project Number: 40156-013, 40156-033
Project Name: Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program - Tranche 2 and MFF
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Lesson
Harness the role of community-based organizations for inclusiveness. Community-based organizations (CBOs) played an active role in implementing the PMEP, such as facilitating information dissemination in the community, collecting applications from interested unemployed individuals, and connecting them to ward offices. Similarly, CBOs helped the government in identifying poor and vulnerable people as recipients of its food distribution efforts and contributed to addressing food needs during the crisis.

Project Number: 54184-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
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Lesson
Close and sustained engagement with the government and development is essential to the success of crisis response programs. This program’s design and implementation benefited from the strength of ADB’s close engagement with the government. ADB’s continuous policy dialogues with the government contributed to the government’s response strategy and development financing plan. The resulting close alignment also promoted ADB’s rapid processing, impactful design, and smooth implementation of the program.

Project Number: 54180-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
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