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Lesson
Strong central coordination is necessary to ensure consistent monitoring and reporting and more effective lessons-sharing among multiple implementing agencies. The Ministry of Planning and Investment was designated as the coordinating agency for the entire MFF-financed investment program, while project 3 activities—procurement and recruitment, construction supervision, financial management, safeguards compliance, monitoring, and reporting—were implemented by the participating water supply coompanies (WSCs).

Project Number: 41456-043
Project Name: Water Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Close executing agency (EA) involvement is essential throughout the implementation phase. But this was lacking in this project, which saw the provincial people's committees, the project EAs, having limited involvement in project implementation. This strengthen the case for stronger central coordination by a line ministry to facilitate timely decision-making and approvals, provide closer supervision, ensure more consistent monitoring and reporting, and promote lessons sharing to improve performance.

Project Number: 41456-043
Project Name: Water Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Based on the experience from this TA, comprehensive contingency plans need to be in place to address potential disruptions or changes in future energy projects. These plans should account for geopolitical, economic, and environmental factors. Moreover, it is important to encourage diversification of energy sources to reduce reliance on a single resource. Exploring renewable energy options, such as solar, wind, and hydropower, to enhance the resilience of energy projects and prioritizing sustainability in all energy projects are particularly important in this regard.

Project Number: 44184-012
Project Name: Afghanistan and Turkmenistan: Regional Power Interconnection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Geopolitical shifts, market dynamics, and government decisions could impact project continuity. This was shown by the TA which highlighted challenges in ensuring the continuation of projects beyond the TA phase.

Project Number: 44184-012
Project Name: Afghanistan and Turkmenistan: Regional Power Interconnection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB’s participation in a country-driven program, by bringing knowledge and experience in addition to financing, catalyzes interest and cofinancing from other development agencies. This program was a critical element for enhancing the entire ecosystem of housing financing and mortgage market, helping lay thegroundwork for diversified funding and private sector involvement.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
Report Date:
Lesson
When debt servicing and repayment burden is placed on TVET institutions, as was the case under this project, the TVET insitutions should have a greater role in the project design and determining their liability

Project Number: 45511-006
Project Name: Hunan Technical and Vocational Education and Training Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is all right to have a project that focuses on a limited number of TVET institutions, but the project should describe their interlinkages with tother TVET institutions, including the private TVET institutions. Despite the project’s category C for indigenous peoples safeguards, ethnic minority participation rates increased significantly by 132%. The project should have described how this was achieved given the project’s strategic agenda to support inclusive growth and social development.

Project Number: 45511-006
Project Name: Hunan Technical and Vocational Education and Training Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An institutional analysis undertaken during appraisal phase helps provide an assessment of the technical capacity of concerned institutions as this is essential in ensuring smooth project implementation activities. Such analysis could include a political-economy assessment that could help strengthen project preparation activities, especially in assessing possible changes to policies and government priorities.

Project Number: 39256-023, 39256-024
Project Name: Urban Transport Development Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility andTranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
A more comprehensive analysis of the road network is crucial to better understand the need for road improvements in given road corridors e.g., surface upgrades, widening, and new roads. While for consistency the project completion report replicated the methodology used during project appraisal, it is observed that traffic forecasts were based solely on economic growth projection of the gross domestic product, and the elasticity of traffic by vehicle type is not justified.

Project Number: 43574-025
Project Name: Uttar Pradesh Major District Roads Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A close coordination and efficient communication mechanism among agencies and project units that are part of the implementing structure is crucial for the timely identification of issues and resolutions. Adjustments in the detailed designs usually happen since issues or new findings arise at the actual sites. To resolve them on time, these issues need to be discussed by all agencies and units involved in the project. For instance, the introduction of the separation wall under this project was a new concept and could have been relayed to all relevant agencies and units in a timely manner.

Project Number: 36111-013
Project Name: Kulhudhuffushi Harbor Expansion Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When a project provides substantial climate mitigation and environmental benefits, a project economist with strong background and experience in environmental valuation method can undertake the project economic analysis at appraisal. Usually, energy efficiency improvement projects have very low pay back periods and high economic internal rate of return. ADB should investigate the ways in which it can formalize the use of carbon prices in energy efficiency project economic analysis.

Project Number: 47051-002
Project Name: Chemical Industry Energy Efficiency and Emission Reduction Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective and efficient implementation of large-scale land acquisition and resettlement activities depends largely on strong political will and commitment at all levels of the government. An executing agency needs to be proactive and initiate close working relationships with local authorities to resolve identified issues on the ground. Local communities, particularly affected households, must be engaged and their concerns should be adequately factored in by project design.

Project Number: 41444-013
Project Name: Second Northern Greater Mekong Subregion Transport Network Improvement
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-designed project performance management system greatly facilitates the identification, quantification, and valuation of economic benefits, and help in evaluating the extent of the project’s effectiveness.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project performance management system (PPMS), which was not included in the project design, could have been beneficial for identifying, quantifying, and valuing economic benefits, and help in evaluating the extent of the project’s effectiveness and sustainability

Project Number: 38254-053
Project Name: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate consultations with local populations throughout the project cycle are a must especially when land ownership is ambiguous and no outstanding land compensation cases are identified.Local populations forcibly entered the two HPP project sites demanding compensation for historical events, in one of which sites, violence was used. The historical events were not identified by due diligence, which concluded that there were no land acquisition and involuntary resettlement impacts.

Project Number: 41504-013, 41504-023, 41504-025
Project Name: Town Electrification Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 2)
Report Date: