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Lesson
The design and monitoring framework (DMF) needs to be carefully formulated to adequately measure project achievements. The DMF contained indicators that were not entirely attributable to the project. The assumptions and data source behind the quantitative baselines and targets for several indicators were also not clearly explained. These weaknesses need to be addressed in future projects.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Robust project baseline data is needed to adequately assess complex projects with significant potential environmental and social impacts. In this project, baseline data on noise, vibration, vulnerable affected people, and river ecology were collected in accordance with contracts, applicable laws, regulations, and policies. This proved insufficient and led to questionable results particularly with the regard to the impact of vibration in several project-affected buildings. For future projects, more detailed studies and additional assessments need to be carried out.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
A project specific DMF is key to reliably assessing the implementation progress and overall performance of each tranche project. The DMF for this project contained indicators that pertained to investments under other tranches of the multitranche financing facility (MFF). This made monitoring and evaluation of project progress and performance difficult, with results that hid the real picture and so prevented corrective measures from being undertaken during implementation.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects could fail because of faulty impact assessments. The initial environmental examination (IEE) approved by ADB had to be revised as road vibration and noise impacts needed to be studied further. While public consultations were conducted, these did not generate enough buy-in from some of the stakeholders who raised formal complaints. Local people outside the project’s original area of influence opposed project implementation as well as the proposed remedial action plan (RAP), due to which the project could not be carried out within the original timeframe.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Changes in government may require a new or additional round of capacity- and awareness-building. The national election in 2012 resulted in a change in the government and subsequent appointment of new directors and staff in the Municipal Development Fund of Georgia (MDF), the project executing and implementing agency. Therefore, additional time had to be devoted to build capacity and awareness with respect to the project.

Project Number: 42414-033
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Overconservative cost estimation during the implementation of the multitranche financing facility (MFF) tranche projects may reduce the funding availability for other investments and result in low utilization of the approved MFF amount. Tranche 2’s actual total cost was $64.97 million, 60% of the budgeted amount, and ADB’s loan disbursement was only 61% of the committed amount.

Project Number: 42414-033
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Project scope changes provide opportunities for correcting the weaknesses in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) that can result in an unreliable assessment of the project achievements. The outcome and outputs of the DMF were logical, and the stated risks and assumptions were relevant. However, there were weaknesses in the indicators used to measure the project’s achievements. Some of them were addressed through the DMF updates accompanying the changes in scope.

Project Number: 42414-033
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely reassessment can be instrumental to project success. After the project was approved, a series of devastating storms caused severe damage in the project area. The timely engagement of a consulting firm to revise the project design helped avoid project delays. Project interventions were revised based on the additional rehabilitation needs and the new evidence about potential impacts of storms on the coastline.

Project Number: 42414-044
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 4
Report Date:
Lesson
Flexible reallocation of loan proceeds to critical civil works can enhance project relevance and effectiveness. A minor change in scope was approved for the reallocation of loan proceeds from project administration savings and secondary consulting services to the civil works contract. The new allocation enabled additional works on the coastal boulevard impacted by the storm but kept the loan size within its original limit.

Project Number: 42414-044
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 4
Report Date:
Lesson
Weaknesses in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) can lead to an inaccurate assessment of project achievements. The project DMF contained indicators that measured benefits that were not entirely attributable to the project, such as the number of tourist nights in Georgia rather than in the Batumi area. Some dimensions of the project’s outcome were omitted, such as the increased protection of coastal infrastructure assets. The reduction of storm-related damage should have been considered as part of project’s outcome performance indicators.

Project Number: 42414-044
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 4
Report Date:
Lesson
With climate change exerting new and increasing demands on road and bridge networks, future economic analyses for transport projects should take a broader perspective in calculating economic benefits. The economic analysis for this project compared with-project and without-project scenarios to derive its economic benefits. The definition of the with-project scenario assumed time and vehicle operating cost savings from less traffic congestion and improved traffic flow. The benefits from less congestion accounted for 93% of the total net benefits.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Close and consistent supervision by ADB is crucial in ensuring quality road works and effective project implementation. The quality of construction supervision (including bridge design) and close, regular supervision by ADB since 2017 were critical in ensuring the quality of bridge construction and installation under this project. Despite delays and issues in financial management and procurement, the project achieved high-quality bridge construction, which contributed to project effectiveness.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Considering the construction costs and number of subprojects as tentative when there are significant technical unknowns that cannot be determined during the design stage will help mitigate the risks and facilitate the implementation of sector loan projects. Under this project’s preparatory technical assistance (TA), cost estimates were prepared under conditions of significant technical information gaps for all potential bridge sites.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Developing and implementing an asset maintenance plan, which remains important to break the wasteful build–neglect–rebuild cycle in the road transport sector of Papua New Guinea (PNG), is a pending business needing consistent follow up from development partners like ADB. Limited annual recurrent funding for operation and maintenance (O&M) was an underlying cause for developing this bridge replacement project along with capacity development for an asset management system.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important in PNG to investigate legacy grievances and disputes and adequately consider them in project design and implementation.

Project Number: 40173-043
Project Name: Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program - Project 2
Report Date: