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Lesson
In addition to the technical and engineering staff, project management units should include staff with skills in financial management, economics, safeguards, procurement and contracts management, and communication. The project initially encountered difficulties due to the inadequate capacity of the project staff in social and environmental safeguards, contract management, and finance management procedures. An assessment of staff capacity in these areas will identify areas for improvement in future similar projects.

Project Number: 44429-013
Project Name: Climate Adaptation in Vennar Subbasin in Cauvery Delta Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Overlooking coordination could lead to project delays. Interagency coordination. The project had a good coordination mechanism within the water resources sector. Interagency coordination is needed when implementing social and environmental safeguards; in removing electricity poles (electricity utilities); in cutting trees (forest departments); and in land allotment, resettlement housing sites, and cash compensation payments (district administrations).

Project Number: 44429-013
Project Name: Climate Adaptation in Vennar Subbasin in Cauvery Delta Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is good practice to prepare detailed designs at an early stage, using advance contracting and retroactive financing. Finalizing resettlement plans after detailed designs are made helps reduce resettlement plan variations.

Project Number: 44429-013
Project Name: Climate Adaptation in Vennar Subbasin in Cauvery Delta Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ecosystem-based approaches provide cost-effective co-benefits in terms of better fisheries yields and non-timber forest products for local communities. The project was designed to emphasize engineering approaches to climate adaptation. While the traditional engineering approaches are quite useful, ecosystem based approaches, such as using mangrove forests in coastal areas, should also be considered.

Project Number: 44429-013
Project Name: Climate Adaptation in Vennar Subbasin in Cauvery Delta Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is good practice to understand the business processes of the executing and implementing agencies during the inception mission and to ensure that these procedures are harmonized in the project administration manual. This practice will help smooth implementation and lessen the likelihood of delays.

Project Number: 44429-013
Project Name: Climate Adaptation in Vennar Subbasin in Cauvery Delta Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Community management of irrigation systems has enhanced project sustainability and reduced the burden on the government to use tax money for system maintenance. The project design did not consider alternative ways of managing irrigation systems. There were some attempts to form water user associations in Tamil Nadu, but there was no attempt to promote this concept.

Project Number: 44429-013
Project Name: Climate Adaptation in Vennar Subbasin in Cauvery Delta Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Close coordination is required to ensure high utilization of project-financed assets. The executing agency is responsible only for the construction, installation, and commissioning of transmission assets, as required by the National Dispatch Center, while the utilization of assets is the responsibility of the National Dispatch Center. Although the utilization of assets built under this project is satisfactory at present, the executing agency is not aware of the future planned level of utilization.

Project Number: 49214-002
Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB close mentoring and guidance are crucial to ensuring quality financial reports and well functioning financial systems. During the first reporting year of the project, the implementing agency had difficulty complying with the annual financial reporting requirements. Through ADB's close mentoring and guidance, the reports gradually improved, from the beginning of fiscal year 2019 up to 2021, and the auditors issued clean or unqualified opinions.

Project Number: 49214-002
Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Following ADB Procurement Guidelines throughout will avoid any issues over unfamiliarity with or misunderstanding of the conditions. Although the use of the implementing agency's works and procurement policy and procedures was approved with conditions for smaller contracts, the implementing agency's decision to follow ADB's guidelines eased implementation and minimized procurement issues.

Project Number: 46537-002
Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In addition to ensuring robust environmental assessment and management to avoid project delays and operational disruptions, it is imperative to plan for and link mitigation measures such as the installation of bird flight diverters to the commissioning of power lines and financial closure, rather than leaving such measures to be retrofitted after the power lines have become operational. Insufficient attention to forest clearance needs during project design and planning resulted in implementation delays. The quality of the environmental assessments fell short.

Project Number: 49214-002
Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Changes to a project's scope and routings are common among energy projects of this nature and magnitude, but it is important to update all relevant project documents accordingly. Despite significant scope changes during project implementation, the design and monitoring framework was not revised to account for the changes. This resulted in the project's performance being evaluated against targets that were not updated. However, the loan agreement was amended accordingly.

Project Number: 49214-002
Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The required procurement method must be assessed at appraisal stage to determine its compliance with ADB policies prior to including each package in ADB-financed projects. The rehabilitation of the 500 kV HVDC terminals between Rihand and Dadri was dropped when competitive procurement was not feasible because of the nature of the works and resulted in changes in scope.

Project Number: 49214-002
Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Integrated flood and riverbank erosion risk management (FRERM) programs are highly replicable. For example, the structural (geotextile bags, high embankments), and non-structural (community-based) approaches were replicated in Kaziranga in the Golaghat district even while the program was still ongoing.

Project Number: 38412-013, 38412-023, 38412-033, 43069-012
Project Name: Assam Integrated Flood and Riverbank Erosion Risk Management Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2; and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Community involvement was substantial during project implementation and proved to be crucial in integrative flood and river erosion management. Advocacy and capacity development of community stakeholders enabled them to understand the complex flood risk management Cultural norms regarding women's roles in society were carefully navigated.

Project Number: 38412-013, 38412-023, 38412-033, 43069-012
Project Name: Assam Integrated Flood and Riverbank Erosion Risk Management Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2; and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Strengthening the livelihood base of vulnerable communities in newly protected flood plains is imperative. The approach improved community relations and executing agency. Future grants could better support the participation of marginalized people through in-kind support and/or a participation allowance.

Project Number: 38412-013, 38412-023, 38412-033, 43069-012
Project Name: Assam Integrated Flood and Riverbank Erosion Risk Management Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2; and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date: