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Lesson
Gender actions could be strengthened by P3F actions that contribute to future dialogue and maintain the momentum in discussing this sensitive topic.

Project Number: 51066-001, 51066-003
Project Name: Finance Sector and Fiscal Management Improvement Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical assistance (TA) is important to ensure timely identification and support to critical reforms at challenging times. TA support contributed to the program being implemented within the original timeline. Transaction TA allowed for the development of additional activities that formed the post-program partnership framework (P3F). The practice of including P3F actions in the design of the programmatic policy-based lending should be continued, as it shapes up next-level dialogue with the government. It also helps ADB and the government to maintain a longer-term prospective.

Project Number: 51066-001, 51066-003
Project Name: Finance Sector and Fiscal Management Improvement Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Construction timelines in climate-affected areas need to be reliably assessed to minimize completion delays. The construction timelines for Karamyk BCP, located at altitude of 2,300 meters above sea level, were tight. The contractor faced various issues due to the harsh weather, electricity supply interruptions, and delays with the supply of materials and equipment. Combined with the contractor’s relatively low financial capacity, this resulted in a 4-year construction period versus the originally planned 15-month implementation timeline.

Project Number: 46124-001
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Regional Improvement of Border Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Border crossing points (BCPs) will risk becoming stranded assets in the face of border disputes and other related issues. BCPs completed under the project have remained closed for traffic since April 2021 following a border dispute between the Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan. By May 2024, around 10% of the border line with total estimated length of 970 kilometers remained to be delimitated. The countries are determined to complete the process and sign a border agreement within 2024. Until the delimitation is completed, the potential traffic volumes across the borders will remain unknown.

Project Number: 46124-001
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Regional Improvement of Border Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Trade facilitation reforms and national single window (NSW) development are complex undertakings requiring much time to be completed. This project's timelines were very ambitious with regard to the NSW component given that it required institutional and regulatory reforms; business process reengineering across multiple government agencies; as well as design, development, and integration of the SWIS.

Project Number: 46124-001
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Regional Improvement of Border Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is imperative to include the resident mission staff into the TA team to facilitate seamless coordination with TA counterparts throughout processing and implementation, especially across different agencies. Such coordination was effective during processing, but it became less so in the later stage of implementation.

Project Number: 54396-001
Project Name: Trans Sumatra Toll Road Risk Monitoring
Report Date:
Lesson
Inappropriate stakeholder selection can create complications and challenges during implementation. The main issue during implementation is that the executing agency is not the owner of the toll road project, placing it in an unsuitable position to lead in identifying the sections for financing. Although revising the implementation arrangement by involving DGH as the implementing agency was a measure taken to address the issue, it turned out not to be sufficient.

Project Number: 54396-001
Project Name: Trans Sumatra Toll Road Risk Monitoring
Report Date:
Lesson
The identification of appropriate executing agency and implementing agency is essential for achieving the intended outcome and output targets. In this project, the Directorate General of Highways (DGH) should have been involved and appointed as the lead agency in identifying suitable sections for financing.

Project Number: 54396-001
Project Name: Trans Sumatra Toll Road Risk Monitoring
Report Date:
Lesson
A long list, covering all possible risks, needs to be considered in developing the risk monitoring framework. This is essential to ensure the monitoring toolkit is replicable for implementation in any other toll road projects. Development of institutional knowledge on the toll road sector is also deemed necessary for successful replication of this TA.

Project Number: 54396-001
Project Name: Trans Sumatra Toll Road Risk Monitoring
Report Date:
Lesson
Knowledge sharing and capacity building through workshops facilitate better understanding of stakeholder capacity and capacity building needs.

Project Number: 54396-001
Project Name: Trans Sumatra Toll Road Risk Monitoring
Report Date:
Lesson
For TA requiring knowledge product publication, the Department of Communication and Knowledge Management, ADB needs to be consulted early in TA implementation. This would have helped prevent TA implementation period to be extended by 8 months partly to ensure the quality of the knowledge product.

Project Number: 55319-001
Project Name: Southeast Asia Aviation: COVID-19 Impact and Short-term Strategy
Report Date:
Lesson
Close collaboration among ADB’s regional departments that support subregional programs and broad participation these subregional programs and their member countries, (i.e. the Central Asia Regional Economic Corridor, the Greater Mekong Subregion program, and the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation program), and development partners are critical in successfully implementing ECD-focused TA. These have helped improve the content and focus of the ECD guidance note produced by the TA.helped improve the ECD guidance note.

Project Number: 54423-001
Project Name: A New Operational Economic Corridor Development Framework for Central Asia and Beyond
Report Date:
Lesson
Close engagement with government agencies is essential and so is partnership with subregional governmental cooperation organizations such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The TA was initiated to assist DMCs’ aviation sector recovery from the global crisis. Due to the urgent need, there was inadequate engagement with stakeholders during the design and planning phase. Specifically, there was less public sector involvement compared to private sector.

Project Number: 55319-001
Project Name: Southeast Asia Aviation: COVID-19 Impact and Short-term Strategy
Report Date:
Lesson
Early engagement with DMCs in knowledge-sharing activities is advisable for TA with comprehensive and complex topics. For this TA, it could have facilitated in-depth discussion and debate among DMCs and development partners on the new concept of ECD, lessons learned from ECD initiatives, and ECD pipeline development.

Project Number: 54423-001
Project Name: A New Operational Economic Corridor Development Framework for Central Asia and Beyond
Report Date:
Lesson
Using individual consultants and resource persons provides flexibility in contract implementation. A summary recording of pertinent contract data must be kept updated to support efficient consultant management.

Project Number: 54423-001
Project Name: A New Operational Economic Corridor Development Framework for Central Asia and Beyond
Report Date: