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Lesson
The project implementation schedule was amended early in the project to comply with the government's request for immediate action and results via the two- pronged approach. Unless there are clear deficiencies in project design, ADB should resist requests to change the design or implementation arrangements early in implementation, because the original project design should be given a chance to succeed. Corrective action can be taken later as problems become apparent.

Project Number: 38447-013
Project Name: Rural Enterprise Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project had a high weighting of consultant inputs in the first 6 months. It is unrealistic to expect that international consultant teams can be on the ground and achieving outputs within such a short time frame in countries such as Pakistan, given the difficulties in recruitment. An alternative may be to phase in international consultant inputs later in the project to allow for a more realistic recruitment process. However, application of the streamlined business arrangement principles should provide greater project preparedness for accelerated consultant recruitment.

Project Number: 38447-013
Project Name: Rural Enterprise Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The security situation in Pakistan was a major factor in the failure to recruit international consultants. In countries where security concerns prevail, project design needs to account for the difficulty in recruiting and retaining suitable international consultants. Limiting the role of international consultants to a few key positions and to supervision of national consultant inputs may contribute to greater project success.

Project Number: 38447-013
Project Name: Rural Enterprise Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project attempted to indigenize the One Tambon One Product (OTOP) concept that was considered successful in Thailand and Japan. However, only limited efforts were made to understand the likelihood of the success of this initiative in Pakistan. The reasons for the program's success in the other countries and whether the same positives were present in Pakistan were not assessed. Moreover, the success of such projects is often led by a bottom-up grassroots demand for the project outputs, yet this project was a top-down initiative.

Project Number: 38447-013
Project Name: Rural Enterprise Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 37135-013, 37135-033
Project Name: Balochistan Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for steps to be taken at an early stage to keep the TA on track, and ensure that it is being managed according to the objectives of the loan program that it is supporting. IED’s 2005 SAPE for Social Sectors in Pakistan in fact had anticipated these based on the issues that it identified from the then implementation of SDSSP.

Project Number: 34337-033
Project Name: Sindh Devolved Social Services Project [Loan 2049-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
The persistence of a minor or routine problem could mask serious underlying issues that the project design left unidentified or unresolved, e.g., ownership of the project objectives or governance issues.

Project Number: 30208-013
Project Name: Decentralized Elementary Education Project (Sindh)
Report Date:
Lesson
Even a minor or routine problem—e.g., the currency of the second-generation imprest accounts in the districts—can prove fatal and bring down the entire project if left unresolved over a long time.

Project Number: 30208-013
Project Name: Decentralized Elementary Education Project (Sindh)
Report Date:
Lesson
Overly complex and ambitious projects are difficult to implement especially when the executing agency is not familiar with the procedures and institutional practices of ADB.

Project Number: 30208-013
Project Name: Decentralized Elementary Education Project (Sindh)
Report Date:
Lesson
The prequalification activity should ensure participation of capable and resourceful contractors. The postqualification procedures should have been adopted for procuring civil work contracts allowing more participation and wider competition.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The project had difficulty in attracting international contractors; those who were contracted performed poorly. Suitable packages for local competitive bidding may yield better results.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Previous performance of consultants should have been a major evaluation and selection criteria. Penalties for poor performance and failure should have been introduced in the consultancy contracts. A stricter approach should be adopted for replacing specialists.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Inappropriate monitoring and reporting risks noncompliance, suspension, or early closure. ADB should enforce regular monitoring of land acquisition, resettlement, and environmental impacts.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Unrealistic work schedules, poor procurement planning, insufficient implementation details, and loose monitoring targets prolonged implementation. Over optimistic implementation plans should have been avoided.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Project readiness in the areas such as land acquisition, detailed design, procurement, establishment of the project management unit and project implementation units should have been in place prior to loan approval.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date: