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Lesson
Institutionalize - fast-tracking - and flexibility. The technical assistance (TA) attached to the project allowed flexible responses to diverse capacity gaps, and fast-tracked procurement and disbursement, and the implementation of the safeguards policy. The flexibilities allowed under the emergency policy reduced procurement time and enabled efficient mobilization of resources.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Enhance transparency for effective oversight. The government-established ERRA Council, headed by the prime minister, consists of independent and reputable individuals from civil society in the affected regions. The council followed the reconstruction process and reviewed and reported regularly to the general public on its progress and outcomes, developing a sense of ownership. Independent oversight, involving representatives of civil society disseminating information to key constituents, promoted transparency and enhanced the credibility of the host government.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Articulate policies, strategy, and standards early. The local populations and nongovernment organizations (NGOs) started reconstruction work well before provincial and federal governments started articulating their responses. Expectations rose, and some facilities, especially in health, were built by bilateral donors to standards that were much higher than the capacity of the line agencies to maintain them. This resulted in inconsistencies, violations of policies and standards developed for reconstruction work, and unsustainable operation of completed facilities.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Clarify roles and respect existing mandates. Initial delays in implementation of the project were caused by confusion about the roles of new and existing institutions. Any large- scale reconstruction operation requires clear delineation of the mandates of levels of government, to provide the structure and clarity required for all stakeholders to work with maximum efficiency. To the extent possible, the provincial and regional governments and federal agencies should be provided with capacity to perform their mandated roles.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Have a dedicated lead institution. The dedicated federal (Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority or ERRA) and provincial reconstruction authorities led the overall coordination and monitoring, and facilitated procedures, policies, and strategies for reconstruction. This arrangement allowed efficient and transparent reconstruction, and established the government's commitment to and credibility in mobilizing resources.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementing ADB's requirement to incorporate strengthened building standards into the design of buildings and structures was not possible. It took the government 3 years to develop the revised standards, by which time most structures had been designed and many constructed.

Project Number: 39144-013
Project Name: Tsunami-Affected Areas Rebuilding Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The success of the women's rural development societies (WRDSs) involved in components B and H, and earlier in the North East Community Restoration and Development Project (NECORD) and NECCDEP (North East Coastal Community Development Project) projects, demonstrated that community-based organizations contribute to a sustainable mechanism for improving economic activities at the local community level while concurrently achieving aspects of the gender action plan by empowering women through increased income, confidence, and quality of life.

Project Number: 39144-013
Project Name: Tsunami-Affected Areas Rebuilding Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To avoid underutilization of newly built facilities, equipment, staff, and operations budgets should be identified and allocated by the responsible government agencies for activities involving rehabilitation and expansion of buildings and hospitals.

Project Number: 39144-013
Project Name: Tsunami-Affected Areas Rebuilding Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For components B, E, and H, substantial time was required to mobilize community- based organizations and implementing-partner nongovernment organizations (NGOs) to reach hundreds of villages to be served under major disaster reconstruction programs. This resulted in delays at the start of implementing activities under these components, and support from NGOs was required.

Project Number: 39144-013
Project Name: Tsunami-Affected Areas Rebuilding Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Reestablishing the identity papers and legal documentation of disaster victims is an essential and urgent necessity, and ADB's support to the government's program improved its delivery and effectiveness by ensuring sufficient funds. As highlighted in the performance audit, the mobile clinics facilitated legal documentation and proved to be an efficient mechanism for emergency situations. This can be adopted as a good practice for future interventions.

Project Number: 39144-013
Project Name: Tsunami-Affected Areas Rebuilding Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Complex emergency projects require simple reporting and monitoring processes.

Project Number: 39114-013
Project Name: Tsunami Emergency Assistance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Small investments in livelihood restoration and water supply and sanitation schemes can have large social and economic impacts, especially on women and vulnerable populations.

Project Number: 39114-013
Project Name: Tsunami Emergency Assistance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Identification of the need for statutory (including environmental) clearances and obtaining such clearances early can help avoid delays in project implementation.

Project Number: 39114-013
Project Name: Tsunami Emergency Assistance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adherence to sound design principles based on required surveys and studies can lead to more efficient outcomes and avoidance of delays.

Project Number: 39114-013
Project Name: Tsunami Emergency Assistance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Use of legal experts in areas like microenterprise insurance and exploring alternate insurance mechanisms may lead to more effective outcomes.

Project Number: 39114-013
Project Name: Tsunami Emergency Assistance (Sector) Project
Report Date: