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Lesson
Safety net programs are proven effective for mitigating critical food crises at times of price increases and natural disasters. Implementation of safety net programs requires experienced and committed human resources for food management, transparent identification of beneficiaries, and systematic and efficient distribution of food grains among beneficiaries. Finally, close monitoring oversight and evaluation are essential for improving the implementation and impact of safety net programs.

Project Number: 42166-013
Project Name: Emergency Assistance for Food Security Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A general lesson learnt is that the sustainability of initiatives beyond the lifetime of the project rests heavily on the level of reinforcement provided by the Ministry of Education (MOE), in the form of circulars, training, and regular follow up by provincial and zonal staff. For example, initiatives such as school-based assessment and Program for School Improvement, which were supported and reinforced by the MOE (e.g.

Project Number: 35192-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Modernization Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
Stronger monitoring and support from zonal facilitators is essential for ensuring effective use of interventions made in quality of learning. Although the project developed several good training modules on Program for School Improvement, school-based assessment, teaching learning methodologies and teaching learning resource development and use, the effective use of these modules cannot be sustained unless supported in schools and classrooms by a committed zonal facilitator.

Project Number: 35192-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Modernization Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
Investment in information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure requires additional resources and training to ensure that the facilities are adequately and appropriately utilized and maintained.

Project Number: 35192-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Modernization Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
For a complex multi-component project, regular monitoring of the implementation progress and pourashava performance by the executing authority is indispensable. Regular interaction between the borrower and ADB, and ADB and the pourashavas through the projec management office contributed greatly to the success of the project. The use of a sector modality proved highly appropriate for performance-based allocation of funds among the competing pourashavas. This approach should be followed in all future ADB assistance to the pourashavas.

Project Number: 29041-013
Project Name: Urban Governance and Infrastructure Improvement (Sector)
Report Date:
Lesson
Consultants may need to spend more time in country (depending on the technicality of the conditions) to deal with issues as they arise and support the timely delivery of outputs and outcomes. [Main text, para. 30]

Project Number: 41180-022
Project Name: Improved Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Conditions need to be achievable and realistic so that they can be implemented in a timely manner. The requirement to have a legal framework in place for the supervision and monitoring of banking activities, compatible with the Basel Principles of Banking and Supervision, proved challenging and potentially too ambitious for such an administration as small as Tuvalu yet this is an important element if there is to be private sector involvement in banking in Tuvalu. The country has limited technical capacity to implement such a legal framework and continuing assistance will be required.

Project Number: 41180-022
Project Name: Improved Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Policy conditions for the release of tranches should be appropriate and achievable by the government and executing agency. In the case of Tuvalu, the requirement that Parliament adopt the regulatory framework for banking supervision as a condition for tranche release was out of the direct control of the government, and therefore constitutes a high risk to program success. [Main text, para. 30]

Project Number: 41180-022
Project Name: Improved Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The scope of the program needs to be kept as simple as possible to reflect the country's capacity. [Main text, para. 30]

Project Number: 41180-022
Project Name: Improved Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Substantial evidence demonstrates that community-driven development (CDD) approaches are more effective than other approaches to basic infrastructure development. Evidence also indicates that CDD is likely to offer better cost recovery and maintenance of completed infrastructure facilities and services because of the strong sense of ownership of the community members. In addition, CDD leads to better accountability. Transparency in decision making and procurement and increased use of audits have demonstrably reduced corruption and leakage of public funds.

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Community facilitators must be qualified and committed, and enough time must be set aside for community empowerment activities, to ensure that community members are sufficiently involved in prioritizing their needs, developing investment proposals, and making decisions. [Main text, para. 65(ii)]

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Involving the beneficiaries at all stages of planning and implementation of upgrading activities and promoting inclusive community empowerment are critical in ensuring pro-poor investments and sustainability.

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A few factors contributed to the success of the project in mitigating the diverse environmental impacts of the highly complex and challenging construction. A strong institutional establishment ensured effective implementation of the project environmental management plan. Sound environmental management practices were adopted throughout the Project Design, construction, and operation. For example, shock absorbers were installed on the Yichang Extra Large Bridge to minimize the vibration impacts of railway carriages on the aquatic habitats of the Chinese sturgeon.

Project Number: 35339-013
Project Name: Yichang-Wanzhou Railway Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Three years after loan approval, the government made the decision to double track a section of the Yichang-Wanzhou Railway which connects to the subsequent ADB-financed Chongqing-Lichuang Railway. During project implementation, the Ministry of Railways made the investment to increase the capacity of the congested alternative railway routes, which changed some key assumptions made at appraisal. This highlights the importance of incorporating the overall planning of the sector into the appraisal of a specific project.

Project Number: 35339-013
Project Name: Yichang-Wanzhou Railway Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Self-supply groundwater wells have not been closed completely as envisaged at appraisal and still exist in Qingfeng and Puyang counties. As a result, the actual operational capacity of three water supply plant (WSP) subprojects is lower than designed. The self-supply groundwater wells also caused difficulties in collecting the wastewater tariff.

Project Number: 34473-013
Project Name: Henan Wastewater Management and Water Supply Sector Project
Report Date: